No abstract

Background Anthrax is a zoonotic disease caused by the gram-positive bacterium Bacillus anthracis . The most anthrax-endemic regions of Russia are Siberia and North Caucasus. Previously, genotyping of Russian B.anthracis isolates was carried out using canSNP and MLVA data; these methods yield lower resolution results compared to whole genome SNP analysis (wgSNP). In this research, we have used wgSNP method for genotyping of 10 B.anthracis isolates, obtained during 1961–2016 in Russia on territory of Western Siberia. Results We have analyzed 185 B.anthracis genomes available in GenBank database and genomes of 10 isolates obtained in this study to determine the place of Russian isolates in the global phylogeny of B.anthracis . For the studied genomes we have detected 7203 SNPs, which were used for building a phylogenetic reconstruction with Maximum Likelihood Method. Results of the phylogenetic analysis indicate that Russian strains belong to three different genetic groups. Three strains belong to genetic group “Ames”, two strains – to “STI” group. Five strains belong to the main genetic line B, and four of them form a subcluster, described for the first time, which we have named “Siberia”. Conclusions In this study, the data on genetic diversity of B.anthracis strains on the territory of Western Siberia is presented for the first time. As a result of complex phylogenetic analysis, the place of these isolates was determined in the global phylogenetic structure of the B.anthracis population. We describe a new cluster in the main genetic line B for the first time. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-6060-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Approbation of the experimental series of latex agglutination and immune chromatography test-systems was carried out for identification of Bacillus anthracis spores and vegetative cells respectively. These test-systems are suitable for rapid diagnostics of anthrax and have a number of advantages over already-existing commercial tests.

Aim. Analysis of results of ecological and microbiological examination of territories nonwelfare for anthrax in territories of Barguzinsky and Kurumkansky districts of the Republic of Buryatia for justification of prophylaxis measures. Materials and methods. Space photographs were used and area and landscape signs of cattle grave sites were established. 174 samples of soil and 6 samples of bone remains of agricultural animals were obtained and studied. Results. Examination of 15 objects in 12 non-welfare for anthrax stationary points of the Republic of Buryatia was carried out in August 2014. A novel approach to detection of abandoned cattle grave sites, where DNA of Bacillus anthracis had been detected in samples, was developed and proposed. Conclusion. Ecological properties of soils 2 districts of the Republic facilitate prolonged conservation of B.anthracis in the environment. Measures of sanitary clean-up of non-welfare territories, utilization of biological waste and decision on legal status of abandoned objects are recommended.

No abstract