The article presents the results of research of the market and institutional field of farming development in Russia, including formed risks and uncertainties in it. The main hypotheses can be summarized by saying that the fact that the work of farmers (except for environmental characteristics) are significantly affected by such distinctive features of the farms themselves as their internal organizational structure, behavioral patterns, and applied strategies. Moreover, to perceive the state of the environment and adapt to it for farmers are important both purely economic motivation and other value orientations, in particular social and environmental ones. Verification of the proposed hypotheses about the differentiation of assessments by farmers of the environment surrounding their work is carried out based on the most significant surveys of economic science and analytical data obtained in the course of a large-scale survey of farm heads in the Kurgan Region. As a result, the results of empirical researches show that in each group of farms (united in their size and age of their heads), firstly, the estimates of uncertainty and risks, and secondly, the ways of adaptation to them. The results of the interpretation and analysis of subjective assessments of farm heads regarding the state of the institutional and market field (including uncertainty and risks) can be used both to determine farming development strategies in the region and to develop directions and instruments for modern agricultural policy.
Ключевые слова: сельское хозяйство, сельскохозяйственный потребительский кооператив, многофункциональность деятельности кооператива, общественные преференции, аграрная политика. В статье представлены результаты исследовательской работы по вопросу многофункциональности деятельности современных аграрных кооперативов. Обращается внимание на особую миссию уникальных коллективных артефактов (сельскохозяйственных потребительских кооперативов) в решении социальных и экологических проблем современного села, развитии сельских территорий, сохранении сельских сообществ. Спецификация и ранжирование преференций сельского населения относительно основных и дополнительных (экономических, социальных, экологических) функций аграрных кооперативов осуществлены методами условных оценок и аналитической иерархии. Многофункциональность деятельности аграрных кооперативов в современных условиях среды предложено использовать в качестве основы для уточнения концептуального подхода к исследованию развития сельскохозяйственной кооперации, разработке трендов организационных инноваций в сфере кооперативной деятельности, определению направлений и инструментов государственной поддержки (создаваемых и уже функционирующих) сельскохозяйственных потребительских кооперативов.
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