ВЭБ повсеместно распространен среди человеческой популяции, им поражено более 80% населения земного шара. Большинство детей инфицируется к 3 годам, и практически все население – к 18 годам. Восприимчивость к ВЭБ: дети грудного возраста болеют ВЭБ-инфекцией редко благодаря наличию пассивного материнского иммунитета, наиболее подвержены инфицированию и развитию клинически выраженной формы ВЭБ-инфекции дети с 2 до 10 лет. Несмотря на многообразие путей заражения, среди населения имеется хорошая иммунная прослойка (до 50% детей и 85% взрослых): многие инфицируются от носителей без развития симптомов болезни, но с формированием иммунитета. В статье представлены данные по особенностям течения ВЭБ-инфекции и роли ВЭБ в развитии лимфопролиферативных и аутоиммунных заболеваний. EBV is ubiquitous among the human population, it affects more 80% of the world’s population. Most children become infected by the age of 3, and the entire population by the age of 18. Susceptibility to EBV: infants rarely suffer from EBV infection due to the presence of passive maternal immunity, the most susceptible to infection and the development of a clinically pronounced form of EBV infection are children from 2 to 10 years old. Despite the variety of ways of infection, there is a good immune layer among the population (up to 50% of children and 85% of adults): many are infected from carriers without developing symptoms of the disease, but with the formation of immunity. The article presents data on the peculiarities of the course of EBV infection and the role of EBV in the development of lymphoproliferative and autoimmune diseases.
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