Структура и иммуноадъювантные СвойСтва CpG-днкПоловинкина В.С., Марков Е.Ю. ФГУЗ «Иркутский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт Сибири и Дальнего Востока» Роспотребнадзора, г. ИркутскРезюме. Бактериальная ДНК (бДНК), наряду с другими бактериальными патоген-ассоциированными молекулярными структурами, способна активировать системы как врожденного, так и адаптивного иммунитета. Эта активность связана с наличием в молекуле бДНК неметилирован-ных CpG-динуклеотидов и может имитироваться синтетическими CpG олигодезоксинуклеотидами (CpG-ОДН). Неметилированные CpG-ОДН распознаются Toll-подобными рецепторами 9 и иници-ируют сигнальный каскад реакций, приводящий к синтезу провоспалительных цитокинов иммуно-компетентными клетками и активации механизмов иммунологической защиты организма. В обзоре рассматриваются структура, функции, иммуноадъювантные свойства бДНК и различных классов синтетических неметилированные CpG-ОДН, а также перспективы их клинического применения. Ключевые слова: бактериальная ДНК, толл-подобные рецепторы, CpG динуклеотиды, адъювант.Polovinkina V.S., Markov E.Yu. Structure and immune adjuvant propertieS of cpG-dna abstract. Bacterial DNA, along with other bacterial pathogen-associated molecular structures, may activate both innate and adaptive immune systems. This activity is associated with by nonmethylated CpG dinucleotides, which are present in the bDNA molecule, and it may be simulated by synthetic CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs). Non-methylated CpG motifs are recognized by Toll-like receptor 9 that triggers the induction of cell signaling pathways, activating proinflammatory cytokine synthesis by immune competent cells, and triggering the immune protection mechanisms. In present review we consider structure, functions, adjuvant features, immune properties and potential clinical applications of bacterial DNA and various classes of synthetic non-
Микробиология и вирусология 155 УДК 579.852.11:616.981.455; 577.151.45 А.в. корнева, в.б. Николаев, с.Н. козлов, Е.Ю. Марков, А.в. Мазепа, Ю.о. Попова выявление мембрАносвязАнных протеАз FRaNCISElla tUlaRENSIS ФКУЗ «Иркутский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт Сибири и Дальнего Востока» Роспотребнадзора, Иркутск, Россия Проведено исследование наличия протеолитической активности и состав протеаз в поверхностных структурах клеток шести штаммов Francisella tularensis разных подвидов. Препараты мембранной фракции возбудителя туляремии получали путем обработки микробной массы мочевиной. Субстратный электрофорез выявил три общих для всех штаммов полипептида, обладающих протеолитической активностью. У препаратов F. tularensis subsp. nearctica и F. tularensis subsp. novicida обнаружены дополнительные полосы протеаз. Ключевые слова: Francisella tularensis, субклеточные фракции, наружные мембраны, ферменты, протеазы протеолитическая активность dEtEction of mEmbranE-bound protEasEs of FRaNCISElla tUlaRENSIS Sterile preparations of membrane fractions were prepared by processing of live Francisella tularensis cells of different subspecies with 4.5 M urea solution and differential centrifugation. For the first time, proteolytic activity was detected and studied by tests of radial enzyme diffusion and substrate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis using gelatin as a substrate. Spectrum of gelatinases in the resulted preparation were detected. Quantitative inter-strain differences in the protease activities and their qualitative composition in membrane preparations of various virulent F. tularensis strains was analyzed. Avirulent F. tularensis 21/400 subsp. holarctica (I-214) strain demonstrated the greatest gelatinase activity in enzyme diffusion method and the lowest hydrolytic activity was seen in F. tularensis B-399 A-Cole subsp. tularensis (I-386) and F. tularensis Utah 112 subsp. novicida (I-384), other preparations showed intermediate activity. Enzyme electrophoresis in the protease spectra determined the presence of proteins with proteases activity 50-100 kDa, and in the spectrum preparations of F. tularensis I-386 and I-384 were detected additional bands of proteases.
Immunogenic properties of cell wall (CW) preparations of Francisella tularensis four subspecies are investigated. It is shown that the preparations from F. tularensis urea lysates are not toxic for experimental animals. Besides, CW of F. tularensis А-61 subsp. mediasiatica and F. tularensis B-399 A-Cole subsp. tularensis possess immunogenic activity in experimental tularemia caused by F. tularensis 306 subsp. holarctica.
CFU/ml) and soluble antigens (FI) − ≥ 4.8 ng/ml and high specificity, confirmed by the absence of false-positive reactions with five heterologous microorganisms. The test-systems were used for Y. pestis antigen detection in field material from the territory of the Altai mountain natural plague focus by dot-immunoassay with comparison of the received results in passive hemagglutination reaction. Test-systems possessed a number of advantages as compared to routine serological reactions and could be applied with success by practical public health services both in stationary and field conditions.
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