Conceptual planning and implementation of large-scale real estate development projects is one of the most difficult tasks in the organization of construction. In the Russian practice, a large experience of development, complex reorganization and redevelopment of large development areas is accumulated. The methodological basis for solving similar problems is the organizational and technological genesis, which considers the development of the project during the full life cycle. An analysis of this experience allows us to talk about the formation of new and effective approaches and methods within the organizational and technological genesis. Among them, the most significant and universal approaches should be highlighted: The concept of real estate development, which explains the reasons and objective needs for project transformations during its life cycle, as well as to increase the adaptive capabilities of design decisions and the project's suitability for the most likely future changes; Development project of joint action, which is based on the balance of interests of project participants; Master planning of the life cycle stages of the project and subprojects, based on the rethinking of the theory and methods of the construction organization, and allowing rationally localized construction sites and related subprojects, while retaining the remaining development and development area beyond of the negative effect of construction for comfortable living and work.
Introduction. Analytical studies show that monopolization, disparity trends, oversupply, and limited effectual demand become the long-term reality of the real estate market. Such a state of the market stimulates a change of ideas about a successful development project, puts in several relevant and in-demand research of new approaches and concepts of the life cycle of real estate development projects. Materials and methods. The article studies the best Russian and international practices of strategic planning of development projects using the methods of analysis and synthesis of accumulated representative experience. Results. We identified and systematized the main, topical and most popular areas of forecast analysis, which determine the specifics and strategy of development projects. These include studies of the long-term development trend of the region, analysis of the most likely scenarios for the full life cycle of the project and its harmonization with the development trend of the territory, involvement of the interests and needs of the territorial community in the project, analysis of the project’s suitability to the most likely development scenarios, study of the possibilities of consolidating the most significant positive effects life cycle and multiplicative effects of the project. Conclusions. The considered areas of strategic forecast analysis make it possible to withstand the strategy of a real estate development project at all stages of construction and, as a result, manage its life cycle from the project idea to the completion of the project. Prospects and further research include the study of methods of project life cycle management as an element of the life support environment, the subject interpretation of methods and the solution of problems of informatization of models and methods of planning a project strategy.
Introduction. The analysis of development and application of BIM technologies in the Russian construction industry has proven the absence of the system approach and uniform concepts of industry-specific information modelling technologies. Against this background, relevant issues include the strategic objective, or the digital transformation of the industry with the help of a uniform federal information platform, as well as development of long-term models designated for the organization and management of the whole life cycle of capital construction facilities. Materials and methods. The article covers features and opportunities provided by digital technologies, including cloud computing and big data, the industrial Internet of things and the blockсhain, in terms of practical prospects and information characteristics of the tasks that include organization of subsystems, participants and construction project stages. Results. The structure of an information model designated for the organization and management of a capital construction facility’s life cycle is presented as a set of interrelated information flows for consecutive stages, subsystems and project participants. It’s been proven that traditional principles of organization and management restrain the accumulated powerful potential of digital transformation; therefore, the development of the architecture of a unified BIM platform requires new production concepts for the organization and management of project information flows. The co-authors propose an implementation pattern for the management concept and model: it represents a virtual design company, which organizes interaction between participants of a capital construction project and manages its life cycle according to new information and communication principles. Conclusions. A virtual project company integrates the functions of digital integrated production concepts, including the BIM platform, the platform-based production chain and the virtual production corporation, which correspond to the features of transformations of successive stages and the composition of participants contributing to the facility’s life cycle. Any further development and introduction of the concept of a virtual design company can serve as the organizational, technological and structural management base for the whole life cycle of a project and a new pattern of the work process organization and interaction between project developers.
In the context of the general trend to accelerate change, the actual goal of scientific research in the field of construction is to analyze and design the stages of the life cycle of a construction object. The object of the study becomes the information model of the life cycle of the building. It is studied and modeled based on the concept of real estate development and using the methods of project analysis of the construction project. The widest possibilities for obtaining and analyzing data on the state of a construction object, as well as the possibilities of systematizing information flows and information modeling of different periods of its life cycle, are realized in the approach of BIM modeling of buildings and structures. With the help of BIM-modeling tools, mandatory stages and possible phases of the life cycle of a building object can be represented as hierarchically and sequentially related information flows, in which the attributes of each stage of the life cycle are formed under the influence of the preceding stages and of special factors for the considered stage. As a result, the project documentation should reflect the decisions aimed at providing the necessary conditions and opportunities for subsequent periods of the life cycle of the construction object, as well as the most adapted for the predicted changes and transformations for all future stages and phases. The analysis of characteristics and the developed structure of simple and complex construction works allows determining for each stage and phase of the life cycle of a construction object: interconnection of information flows, composition and content of the information model of the building required for the work of specialists.
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