El estudio de la relación entre el ciclo menstrual y el rendimiento deportivo está presente entre las últimas publicaciones sobre el deporte femenino, tratando de contribuir a un mejor proceso de preparación de las mujeres en las distintas modalidades deportivas y prevenir las posibles afecciones de la función menstrual. Las características del ciclo menstrual de las deportistas de alto nivel no poseen diferencias sustanciales con respecto a la función menstrual de las mujeres no deportistas; sin embargo, se presentan estadísticas de un mayor porcentaje de afecciones del aparato reproductor femenino en comparación con la población en general. Existen variaciones considerables de las características del ciclo al interior de los grupos estudiados, las cuales, se asocian por los autores con la ubicación en la "escala de feminidad". Las fases premenstrual y menstrual, junto con la ovulatoria, son las que más dificultad reflejan para las deportistas a la hora de enfrentar las cargas de entrenamiento y de competencia. En lo referente a la menarquía, la maduración tardía es propia de las modalidades de iniciación temprana y donde se requiere mantener el bajo peso corporal. Se muestran las últimas tendencias y resultados de las investigaciones, en el campo del entrenamiento femenino.

The article deals with the issues of supporting and developing the gender identity of boys at the stage of preschool childhood. The authors argue that it is possible to form the socially determined ideas about males in boys and to teach them the gender behavior based on these ideas but it should be carried out at the stage of pre-school childhood. The article contains the material of the experiment including specially selected forms, methods and conditions for teaching boys the masculinity at a senior pre-school age. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the totality of the findings contains a solution to the problem: the special forms and methods of working with preschoolers used in teaching allowed us to form specific features of gender-role behavior at a pre-school age. The theoretical significance is that the study defines the components of gender identity (cognitive, emotional-personal, behavioral) and their content, and identifies the factors that contribute to the development of gender identity in boys. The practical significance of the study lies in the applied orientation of the findings that can be widely employed in the practice of pre-school educational organizations.

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We analyze the specific genre of public lectures in English – the TED Talks. Being very popular nowadays these science lectures contain a lot of professionally oriented lexis and are a useful tool to enrich the vocabulary bank and improve listening skills. The characteristic traits of these lectures are briefness, appropriateness, convincingness, clear and rigid structure, careful preparatory work, high extent of the orientation to the audience. The language of TED talks lectures on architecture is characterized by the abundance of professional terms, collocations, expressive means and stylistic devices, such as simile, metaphor, personification, hyperbola etc. Interrogative and imperative forms and personal pronouns are widely used. They help speakers establish the contact with the audience, create the expressive and emotional speech, emphasize the main idea or make listeners think about the important points of the information. The idioms, coarse lexis and lexical repetitions create vivid and meaningful performance. Also we noted the upbeat mood and high emotionality of this genre of public speech.