In 2015-2018 in the conditions of the Omsk region, a comprehensive assessment of the promising breeding material of soft spring wheat was carried out. A mid-ripening variety of soft spring wheat Omskaya 44 with a complex of adaptivevaluable properties and traits for cultivation in the forest-steppe zone of the Omsk region has been prepared for the state variety testing. Variety Omskaya 44 created by the method of intraspecific hybridization and directional individual selection from the hybrid population Lutescens 248/97-11 x Omskaya 38 (k-65566, Russia) was sent for the State Variety Testing carried out in 9, 10 and 11 regions of the Russian Federation in 2019. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the results of various types of tests of a new variety of soft spring wheat Omskaya 44 in the conditions of the Omsk region. The variety is high-yielding, of mid-season type, the growing season is 88 days, the average yield over the years of research in competitive variety testing is 4.47 t/ha, which exceeds the standard variety Duet by 1.51 t/ha (LSD05 = 0.33 t/ha), the maximum yield is 5.69 t/ha. The results of the production test showed that when sowing fallow, in 2018-2021 the yield was 4.65 t/ha on the average, for the standard variety Duet - 3.02 t/ha (LSD05 = 0.29 t/ha), after cereals − 3.43 t/ha, for the standard variety − 2.67 t/ha (LSD05 = 0.27 t/ha). The new variety Omskaya 44 significantly exceeded the Duet standard and the best variety in the forest-steppe zone Omskaya 38 in terms of yield. The parameters of ecological plasticity of the new variety have been studied: linearity regression coefficient bi = 1.13, stability factor sd2 = 0.25. The basic components of commercial value of the new variety Omskaya 44 are high and stable yield, resistance to leaf diseases and the formation of high-quality grain at the level of strong wheat. In 2021 the variety Omskaya 44 was included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements approved for use in the forest-steppe zone of the Omsk region.

The article presents the results of a study of samples of glumaceous and hulless oat grown in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia for cereal properties. The features of assessing the quality of grain of various forms of oat are considered. The research was carried out in the grain quality laboratory of the Omsk ARC in 2018-2020. It was found that hulless forms of oat had an advantage in terms of protein content in grain, nature and yield of cereals in comparison with glumaceous varieties. The glumaceous samples formed a yield 29.6% higher than the hulless ones, and were also distinguished by a lower content of fine grain and a higher weight of 1000 grains. High variation coefficients were determined for the protein content in the grain, the nature and weight of 1000 grains. Correlation analysis revealed a close dependence of the yield of cereal on the nature of the grain, its size and the content of glumas for glumeacous forms, and for hulless with the nature of grain. The glumeacous varieties Uran and Mutika 1178 and hulless Tarsky golozerny, Inermis 1194 and 1189 are recommended for the production of high-quality cereals in the conditions of the South of Western Siberia.

The purpose of the current study was to identify the effect of meteorological factors on productivity and grain quality indicators of spring durum wheat in the conditions of Western Siberia. The research was carried out in the FSBSI “Omsk Agricultural Research Center” in 1981-2019. The object of the study was the durum spring wheat variety ‘Almaz', which was tested in the nurseries of the Competitive Variety Testing according to such traits as productivity, nature weight, hardness of grain, protein and gluten percentage, IDK, pasta color. The average productivity through the years of study was 2.51 t/ha, the differences between indicators in the unfavorable (1.54 t/ha) and favorable (3.48 t/ha) years were 1.94 t/ha. The grain nature weight in the years with good humidity was on 22g/l larger than in the arid years, the hardness of grain was on 5% larger. The protein and gluten percentage, the pasta color value was larger in the unfavorable climatic years (on 1.60%, 4.3%, 0.2 points, respectively), compared with favorable ones. There has been found that the productivity was positively associated with the precipitation in May and the 1st decade of July, relative humidity in May and June; there was established a negative correlation with air temperature in June. The nature weight of grain had a negative dependence on precipitation (1st and 2nd decades) and relative humidity in August for all decades. The hardness of grain was positively affected by temperature in May and precipitation in July (1st decade). The protein percentage in grain was negatively affected with precipitation and relative air humidity in May, June and July (1st and 3rd decades). Average daily temperatures in May and July had a positive effect on the protein percentage in grain. The gluten percentage had a positive correlation with the temperature in May and in the third decade of July. A negative dependence of this indicator was established with precipitation in May, June and the 3rd decade of July, with the relative humidity in May, June, July (1st and 3rd decades), August (3rd decade). The pasta color was negatively dependent on precipitation and relative humidity in July (3rd decade) and August (1-2nd decades).

В 2014 – 2017 гг. проведена комплексная оценка перспективного селекционного материала яровой мягкой пшеницы для возделывания в северных районах Омской области. На госсортоиспытание передан среднеранний сорт яровой мягкой пшеницы Тарская 12 с комплексом хозяйственно ценных свойств и признаков. Сорт Тарская 12 создан скрещиванием сортов Омская 34 (к-64458, Россия) и Аранка (к-64277, Чехия). В 2019 г. сорт рекомендован для включения в Госреестр РФ по подтаёжной и лесостепной зонам Омской области. Испытуемый сорт Тарская 12 формирует более высококачественное зерно за счет лучших значений физических свойств теста и хлебопекарных достоинств, характеризуется средним уровнем устойчивости к ржавчинным заболеваниям и устойчив к пыльной головне. Средняя урожайность сорта Тарская 12 в конкурсном испытании за 2014 – 2019 гг. составила 3,54 т/га, превысив стандарт Памяти Азиева на 0,10 т/га при более укороченном сроке созревания. Одним из преимуществ нового сорта является стабильно высокое содержание белка и клейковины в зерне — в среднем соответственно на 1,95 и 3,6 % выше тех же показателей у сравниваемого стандартного сорта. Благодаря среднераннему типу развития, засухоустойчивости, толерантности к болезням и устойчивости к полеганию, высокого качества зерна сорт Тарская 12 успешно конкурирует с сортами аналогичной группы спелости.

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