The biological properties of bee drone brood make it an ideal additive for growth promotion in animal husbandry instead of banned hormonal anabolics and antibiotics. However, the drone brood action on mammalian ovaries has not been well studied. The present study analyzes the impact of drone brood homogenate (DBH) in the diet of growing gilts on folliculogenesis. Large White female pigs at the age of 35 days were randomly divided into two groups of 10 animals each, and fed with the same basal diets. The experimental group was supplemented with 25 mg/kg forage of DBH for 180 days, after which the animals were slaughtered and morphometric, histological and immunohistochemical evaluation of their ovaries was performed. In addition, the expression of ovarian growth factors BMP15 and GDF9 in oocytes and cumulus cells was analyzed by RT-PCR. A significant increase in body weight and average daily gain at day 145 in the DBH-supplemented group was established. The length of the ovaries in the treated animals also was enhanced. More pools of primordial follicles, involved in intensive growth, as well as a larger diameter of primary and tertiary follicles were found in the ovaries of DBH-supplemented animals. These findings corresponded with an increase in the expression of GDF9 mRNA in the oocytes and cumulus cells. At the same time, signs of atresia in the Graafian follicles of treated animals were observed. The supplementation with DBH stimulates the early stages of folliculogenesis in gilts, but provokes atresia in the last stage of follicular development.

There were examined 1 656 young male residents of the Magadan region from among aborigines aged 17-21 y. o., migrants and Caucasoid natives of the Magadan region of the 1st 2nd generations in order to study their morphofunctional parameters. It has been found that among the modern population of the male aborigines and the Caucasoid natives residing under similar natural-climatic conditions, there were observed processes of convergence of some of their physiological parameters. Those processes allowed to consider the phenomenon as a certain stage of convergent adaptation. Moreover, the vector of the change indices’ focus among the migrants and different generations of the Caucasoid natives allows to state formation of a new population that is developing in the Northeast of Russia. We specify this new population as a population of rooted residents who have different functional indices as compared to those of aborigines or migrants.

During the Project "Mars-500" in months-long examination, 17 residents of Syktyvkar and 18 residents of Magadan were examined. A number of common morphological and physiological methods of study and the hardware and software complex "Ecosan-2007" were used. It has been established that the highest tension in hemodynamics reaction was characteristic of the residents of Magadan living in more extreme climatic conditions and, to a greater degree, it was more pronounced in winter (increased systolic BP and total peripheric vascular resistance) along with formation of a correlated structure of these indices. The peak tension of functional state in the residents of Syktyvkar was observed in summer and was characterized by the increased heartbeat, diastolic BP, the decreased heart rate, display of dysadaptation, increasing centralization between parameters of hemodynamics and the heart rate. Seasonal dynamics of morphofunctional indices was more pronounced in the residents of Syktyvkar.

In the investigation carried out with the participation of 87 smokers and 60 nonsmokers of young male residents of Russia’s northeast, the changes in morphofunctional parameters in dependence on their relevance to smoking were investigated. It was found out that no significant difference between the groups was observed in basic somatometric values as well as in the body cardiorespiratory or gasotransporting system. At the same time the revealed changes testify to the tendency towards higher tension in the work of body functional systems shown by the people who abuse smoking.

Based on the studies of the parameters of physical development, the cardiovascular system, external respiration, and arterial blood oxygenation observed in the young male residents, all born in the Russian Northeast, a comparative analysis of morphofunctional changes was performed depending on the subjects’ constitutional types. Resulting from that, the pronounced tension was revealed in the work of different systems of the hypersthenic persons. The most effective work of the functional systems was demonstrated by the asthenic persons. Increased quantity of the subjects with this type of constitution was found in the recent years. That corresponded to the general tendency towards a more graceful type typical for modern young males.