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Simultaneous interpreting is one of the most comprehensive and energy-consuming types of cognitive activity. To work successfully, a simultaneous interpreter must have a specific functional state. The aim of our study was to find out the basic mechanisms of this functional state, the effect of the simultaneous interpreting on cognitive function changes, and the main factors influencing the degree of the regulatory systems strain. Materials and Methods. 33 individuals participated in the study: 22 linguists specially trained in simultaneous translation composed the experimental group and 11 language-qualified people having no skills of simultaneous translation represented the control group. In compliance with the study design, the measurements were performed under the conditions similar to the real work of simultaneous interpreters: the participants working in succession performed professional tasks: shadowing in the native and foreign languages (German and English), simultaneous interpretation of the reports from the native language to the foreign, and vice versa. The interpreters were psychologically tested using ApWay.ru Web platform before and after the performance on the professional tasks: computer campimetry, test for a simple sensorimotor activity, Stroop test, and test for emotional disadaptation level. Cardiointervalogram was telemetrically recorded during the entire experiment. Results. Some specific aspects of autonomic provision of simultaneous interpreting have been unraveled. A significantly greater tension of the autonomic regulation is manifested by the simultaneous interpreters compared to the control group. It was most prominent when translation was done from the foreign language. The total level of stress during the performance on the linguistic tasks appeared to be higher in the control group. In the simultaneous interpreters, in contrast to the control group, there was registered a high activity level of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems and a marked integration of the cardiac rhythm regulation circuits over the entire period of performing the linguistic tasks. The psychological tests have demonstrated a significantly more confident cognitive control relative to the control group. Thus, a specific functional system has been formed in the simultaneous interpreters providing a successful interaction of various information images (or codes) and consolidation of autonomic and cognitive resources during the performance on professional tasks. Lack of the necessary skills and, consequently, of the task-oriented functional system in the participants of the control group resulted in the enhancement of the non-specific (less effective) stress response.

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АннотацияТема исследования связана с составлением статей для немецко-русского корпусного словаря «Современная немецкая фразеология». В докладе рассматриваются данные о сочетаемости немецких фразеологизмов, которые могут быть получены с помощью корпусного анализа. Эти данные позволяют разграничить близкие по значению фразеологизмы, подобрать для них более точные русскоязычные соответствия и составить лексикографическое описание, более полное, чем в традиционных словарях. AbstractThe present paper deals with the combinatorial properties of idioms as one of the issues of constructing the new German-Russian dictionary of idioms based on corpus data. Corpus data analysis makes it possible to find subtle semantic differences between idioms closely related in meaning, to choose equivalents in the target language in accordance with these differences and to construct dictionary entries facilitating the correct use of these idioms. Ключевые слова:идиомы, лексикография, корпус, сочетаемость.

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