Among the new effective methods of synthesis of nanostructures important place belongs method based on electric discharge in liquids. The advantages of this method include the ability to adjust the parameters of the synthesized particles by variations in discharge mode, high performance, simple design of the reactor, the process of preparation of raw materials. Purpose: This article presents the results of the development of gas-discharge plasma chemical reactor with electrolytic electrode is designed for the synthesis of nanoparticles of metal oxides. Methods: Investigated spatial, spectral and power characteristics nanosecond discharge about surface of distilled water and solution of zinc chloride. Results: In the emission spectrum of plasma emission observed the second positive system of nitrogen molecules and radiation radical OH*. Current pulse amplitude of 170 A, a duration of 60 ns shaped pulse voltage amplitude of about 30 kV and provide peak power of 4 MW and an energy payment for pulse ~ 0.13 J. Conclusion: In the spectrums dominated by emission band of nitrogen molecules. Analysis of current oscillograms in distilled water and solution showed that the increase of current in the discharge above the surface of solution of zinc chloride associated with the formation of the charge carriers in the liquid.