During 2015-2018 in the conditions of the Perm region, the seed productivity of 6 varieties Phlox paniculata L. has been studied. The effectiveness of seed production and the success of seed propagation of the phlox depend on the weather conditions strongly, in particular on the air temperature and the amount of precipitation at the corresponding stages of plant development. This is determined by the activity of insect pollinators and effectiveness of pollination. In addition, the large variability of the studied indices in different flox cultivars is probably due to their complex hybrid nature, which reduces their reproductive abilities to varying degrees.

Weather conditions have a significant impact on diameter of the corms formed from corms of II and III size and cormels. Corms formed from planting material of the II (average diametr 4.88±0.29 cm), III (average diametr 4.32±0.36 cm) size and cormels (average diametr 1.81±0.14 cm) in hot and dry 2016 year were significantly larger than in cold and rainy 2017 (average diametr respectively 3.57±0.33 cm, 2.78±0.27 cm и 1.40±0.07 cm) and 2018 (average diametr respectively 4.00±0.37 cm, 2.46±0.32 cm и 1.07±0.15 cm). Corms of I size are less affected by weather conditions. In Perm region it is optimal to use corms of I, II, and III size for planting. Cormels form corms of III and IV size, which bloom at the 2nd year. The propagation of gladiolus cultivars by cormels is promising in Perm region.

The paper describes the results of a three-year study of biological characteristics of ‘Malika’, ‘Professor Parolek’, ‘Dolgozhdannyy Debut’ gladiolus cultivars on the territory of the Education and Research Center «Botanical Garden» in Saratov State University (Saratov) and the Genkel Botanical Garden in Perm State University (Perm). Plants in Saratov region experienced a detrimental effect of high summer temperatures and insufficient humidity: the height of the plant and the size of the inflorescence, the number of flowers in the inflorescence decreased. Nevertheless, the gladiolus development rate matched the biological characteristics of the cultivars in the Saratov Botanical Garden, they happened to go through the growing season before the frost and formed a mature replacement corm. In the Perm Botanical Garden, the studied cultivars also went through all the stages of growth and development, but the flowering period of the studied cultivars started later, which may be associated with a decrease in summer temperature below the optimum temperature in some years. This may have impeded the maturation of replacement corms and increased the susceptibility to fungal diseases. At the same time, the studied gladiolus cultivars retained most fully their decorative features in the Perm Botanical Garden.

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The article presents data on micropropagation of new Gladiolus × hybridus cultivar ‘Пермский Сувенир’. It is found that for the sterilization of corms and cormels better use the 7% sodium hypochlorite solution (15 min or 20-25 min) and then 96% ethanol (30 sec or 60 sec). Sterile culture was more than 56% for corms and 76% for cormels. At the micropropagation good results were obtained when vitamins (0.1 mg/l thiamine, 0.5 mg/l pyridoxine, 0.5 mg/l nicotinic acid) and β-indolylacetic acid (0.1-1 mg/l) were added to the Murashige and Skoog medium. The breeding rate for cormels was 2-3, for corm fragments was 2–4. The survival rate of plants transferred from in vitro to in vivo conditions was 70%. The diameter of the obtained juvenile corms from in vitro culture and the number of cormels formed on them did not have statistically significant differences from those planted in vivo (t = [1.16; 1.22] <t05 = 1.96).