Retrospective analysis of sickness rate of infectious diseases demanding realization of measures for sanitary protection of the Russian Federation territory and actual high contagious nosologies that epidemic manifestations can form an epidemiological emergency situation is carried out on the basis of the data of World Health Organization and Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumers’ Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing with use of a technique for organization of sanitary anti-epidemic support of mass actions with the international participation (МR 3.1.0079/2-13). It is established that human flu caused by a new virus subtype, cholera, Lassa fever, illnesses caused by Ebola and Marburg viruses and also measles, rubella and acute enteric virus infections forming the external epidemiological risk during the XXIX Winter Universiade 2019 in Krasnoyarsk city represent the greatest threat. High risk of the disease importations demanding realization of actions for sanitary protection of Russian territory is connected with the countries of Eastern, Southern and South Eastern Asia, Africa (except for the Continent south) and also North America.

The purpose of this article is to present data on the current plague situation in China, Mongolia and southern Siberia (Russia). The analysis of the plague epizootic situation in the natural foci of the Central Asian region has been carried out. An increase in the activity of epizootics in a significant part of the territory under consideration and epidemiological risks rise were shown, which led to a sharp escalate in the number of plague diseases in people, including fatal outcomes. The extremely dangerous epidemiological situation emerging in the region dictates the need to continue systematic investigations of natural foci of plague in southern Siberia, to constantly monitor the epidemiological situation in Mongolia and China, to carry out comprehensive preventive and anti-epidemic measures to reduce the risks of plague in humans and to exclude the possibility of anthroponous spread of infection.

For the first time natural leptospirosis focus was revealed in the Irkutsk suburb in 2012 - 2014 during epizootological inspection of a pond-marsh complex. Total 74 small animals (14 species) were examined, specific fragments of Leptospira DNA were found in 16,2%; positive in microagglutination test results were in 1,6% of the samples. Two pathogenic Leptospira strains were isolated from tundra common shrews (Sorex tundrensis) and one isolate - from a water vole (Arvicola terrestris). Circulation of pathogenic Leptospira in a city line represents a potential risk of infection for local population that requires the planning and realization of appropriate preventive actions.

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Division of the Asian part of the Russian Federation into southern and northern zones was implemented on the basis of physical-climatic features. The retrospective analysis of the natural focal infectious diseases in humans was carried out. Spectrum of nosological forms and epidemic process intensity in each of the evolved zones were established. Epidemic manifestations were the most expressed in the Subjects belonging to the southern zone, with domination of the Ixodes tick-borne infections. In northern zone natural focal infections included 57,1 % of local cases, they were registered only in the population of Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (District), and barely nontransmissible infections: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and rabies.