The paper presents the clinical case that reflects the difficulties of diagnosis and choice of treatment tactics of patients with neuroendocrine tumors of the small intestine. The sequence of instrumental diagnostic methods made it possible to determine the localization of the tumor in small intestine and to clarify the prevalence of the tumor process. The implementation of active surgical treatment tactics allowed performing cytoreductive surgical intervention, eliminating the risk of complications of the tumor process and improving the quality of life of the patient with generalized neuroendocrine tumor of the small intestine.
The OBJECTIVE of the study was to clarify the rational program of diagnosis and choice of treatment tactics for patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NET) of the small intestine, taking into account their clinical and morphological characteristics. MATERIAL AND METHODS. We studied the results of examination and treatment of 39 patients. RESULTS. CT is the main method of topical diagnosis, the sensitivity of which in the detection of NET of the small intestine is 96.4 %. Sign of the localization of NET in the small intestine is the tumor conglomerate of its mesentery, which includes diffuse-infiltrative and nodular variant of changes. The diffuse-infiltrative variant of tumor conglomerate is characterized by increased risk of complicated course of tumor process. Cytoreductive surgical treatment allows to increase the survival rate of patients with generalized NET of the small intestine in 1.7 times. CONCLUSION. Treatment of patients with NET of the small intestine should be carried out in specialized medical centers that have the ability to implement a multidisciplinary approach that can significantly increase the duration and quality of life of patients.
The aim of the study: evaluate the possibility of surgical method in the treatment of patients with neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas. Materials and methods. The results of treatment of 283 patients with neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract (GI NET) and pancreas (PNET) were studied. Women were 60.8 %, the average age - 55.8 years. Examination of patients was carried out using laboratory (chromogranin-A, serotonin, 5-GIUK, insulin, gastrin), instrumental (ultrasound, CT, MRI, EGD, FCS, PET 68Ga-DOTATOC) and morphological (histology, immunohistochemistry) diagnostic methods. Results. Surgical treatment was performed in 233 (82.3 %) cases. Endoscopic tumor removal was performed in 56.7% of patients with localized GI NET. Postoperative complications in localized and locally advanced GI NET developed in 8.1 % and 9.5% of cases. Patients localized PNET enucleation was performed in 54.7 % of cases, median resection - 3.1 %, head resection - 4.7%, distal resection - 26.6%, pancreatoduodenal resection (PD) - 10.9 %. In cases of locally advanced PNET surgical treatment was performed distal resection in 58.3 % of patients, PD - 16.7 %, head resection - 25 %. There were no significant differences in the frequency of postoperative complications in patients with localized (37.9 %) and locally advanced (41.7 %) PNET (p 0.05). In generalized NET cytoreduction was performed in 13.7 % of patients, removal of the primary tumor - 32.6 %. Median survival of patients after cytoreduction, primary tumor removal, drug therapy in an isolated version was 43.4 months., 38.9 months. and 24 months. (p 0.05). The 5-year survival rate of patients with localized NET was 81.9%, locally advanced - 57.1%, generalized - 27.6%. Conclusion. The surgical method is the main in the treatment of patients with localized and locally advanced NET. In cases of generalized NET, multidisciplinary assessment of the possibility of surgical treatment of patients is necessary in all cases.
Цель исследования-уточнить рациональную тактику лечения больных с генерализованными нейроэндокринными опухолями (НЭО) желудочно-кишечного тракта и поджелудочной железы, позволяющую увеличить продолжительность и качество жизни пациентов. Материал и методы. Изучены результаты обследования и лечения 63 больных с генерализованными НЭО желудочно-кишечного тракта и поджелудочной железы. Комплексное лечение проведено 32 (50,8%) больным, лекарственная терапия в качестве единственного метода лечения-31 (49,2%) пациенту. Результаты. Установлено, что комплексное лечение по сравнению с лекарственной терапией обеспечило увеличение выживаемости больных с НЭО G1-G2 в 2 раза (с 29,9 до 60 мес) и нейроэндокринной карциномой (НЭК) G3 в 2,9 раза (с 10,1 до 28,5 мес). Определены неблагоприятные прогностические факторы течения заболевания, которыми являются: 1) локализация первичной опухоли в поджелудочной железе; 2) метастатическое поражение печени III типа; 3) наличие НЭК G3; 4) проведение лекарственной терапии в качестве единственного вида лечения (р<0,05). Заключение. Лечение больных с генерализованными НЭО необходимо проводить в специализированных медицинских центрах, имеющих возможность реализации мультидисциплинарного подхода, позволяющего достоверно увеличить продолжительность и качество жизни пациентов. Ключевые слова: нейроэндокринная опухоль, нейроэндокринная карцинома, комплексное лечение.
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