Objective : to determine special features of the immunological status as a result of immunophenotyping of peripheral blood leukocytes in patients with different transient disturbances of cerebral blood circulation in comparison with patients with stroke. Material and methods . We examined 14 patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA), 7 patients with cerebral hypertensive crisis (CHC), 9 patients with lacunar stroke, and 9 volunteers. All the patients underwent immunophenotyping of peripheral blood leukocytes and their immunoglobulin level was determined by immunoturbodimetrical method on the first day after admission. Results . We have defined the specific features of the inflammatory process presented by activation of the classical way of inflammation in CHC patients on the first day of the illness in the form of increased level of proteins of the complement system, activity of T- and B-cellular links of immunity in a combination with low expression of adhesion molecules. We have revealed depression of T-cellular immunity without activation of B-cellular immunity in TIA group, which distinguishes transient disturbances of cerebral blood circulation from stroke. Conclusion. Absence of the activation of B-cellular immunity in patients with CHC and TIA and low level of the expression of adhesion molecules make the sanogenic potential of transient disturbances of cerebral blood circulation in comparison with stroke.

Objective. To study immunopathological disorders in renal allograft recipients with terminal stage of chronic kidney disease. Material and Methods. There were studied 119 medical cases of patients with terminal renal insufficiency (tCKD). The amount of leucocyte subpopulation CD19+, CD3+, CD3-CD16+CD56+, CD3+CD16+CD56+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, and as well as of lymphocytes expressing activation receptors of CD3+HLA-DR+, CD3+CD38+, CD3+CD8+HLA-DR+, immunoglobulins G, A, С3- and С4-components of the complement were assessed within the patients. Results. There was detected a decrease of the main subpopulations of T lymphocytes CD3+ lymphocytes (рabs=0,033), T helper CD3+CD4+ (рrel=0,002 and pabs=0,001) and T-cytotoxic lymphocytes CD3+CD8+ (рrel=0,006 and рabs=0,001), CD3-CD16+CD56+ lymphocytes (рabs=0,045) within the patients with terminal stage of chronic kidney disease who were on renal replacement therapy; an increase of the subpopulation of TNK-lymphocytes (CD3+CD16+CD56+) (рrel=0,015) was also detected; an increase in the concentration of C4 component of the complement was detected (p=0,014). There was detected positive level correlation of C3-component of the complement (rs=+0,49; р=0,007), C4-component of the complement (rs=+0,37; р=0,049) and CIC (rs=+0,4; р=0,029) with the duration of the hemodialysis, and C3-component of the complement (rs=+0,79; р=0,034), CIC (rs=+0,39; р=0,0334), IgG (rs=+0,845; р=0,008) and IgA (rs=+0,732; р=0,039) with the duration of peritoneal dialysis. Conclusion. Thus, the immune system dysfunction within the patients with terminal kidney disease on renal replacement therapy in the form of hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is associated with a change in the quantitative composition, functional activity and cooperation between immunocompetent cells.

Гомельский государственный медицинский университет,Институт радиобиологии НАН Беларуси, г. ГомельПрименение атомно-силовой микроскопии (АСМ) для исследования микро-и наномасштабных участков поверхности клеток позволяет ввести новые клеточные параметры, получить качественно новые представления о причинах и механизмах изменения свойств клеток. Целью работы являлась оценка на примере клеток крови состояния и перспектив АСМ для изучения и разработки новых методов диагностики заболеваний на основе анализа специфики режимов работы АСМ и новых АСМ-данных о свойствах поверхности клеток.Ключевые слова: атомно-силовая микроскопия, цитоскелет, модуль Юнга, механические свойства клеток, фрактальная размерность, эритроциты, лейкоциты, раковые клетки, патология.