In order to identify the psychological factors of professional burnout of anesthesiologists and intensive care physicians, 61 physicians from the Arkhangelsk region were examined. Methods were used: questionnaire “Attitude to work and professional burnout” developed by V.A. Vinokur, McLean’s Organizational Stress Scale, Freiburg Personality Questionnaire (FPI), Anxiety Test developed by C.D. Spielberger and modified by Yu.A. Khanina, R. Lazarus and S. Volkman's Coping Test, methods for assessing the psychological atmosphere in the team developed by A.F. Fidler. It was established that 60,6% of anesthesiology and intensive care physicians have a high level of professional burnout. Three groups of factors affecting the emergence and development of professional burnout among physicians have been identified: individually personal (use of non-constructive coping strategies, high anxiety, emotional instability, depression, aggressiveness); socio-psychological (unfavorable socio-psychological climate in the team) and professional and organizational (lack of professional development and self-improvement, work tensions, low self-assessment of work quality, organizational stress). The article offers recommendations for the prevention of professional burnout in anesthesiology and intensive care physicians.

In order to identify the comparative regional features of the syndrome of professional burnout in anesthesiologists, 50 doctors of the Komi Republic and the Arkhangelsk Region were examined. Used methods of research: survey, questionnaire «Attitude to work and professional burn-out» V.Vinokur, the scale of organizational stress, Mak-Lin, the Freiburg personality inventory, spielberger test H in the modification Y.Hanin, coping test of R.Lazarus and S.Volkmann, methods of evaluation of psychological atmosphere in the team A.Fiedler. It was found that 63.6% of anesthesiologists-resuscitators of the Komi Republic and 53.9% of doctors of the Arkhangelsk Region showed signs of professional burnout, characterized by emotional exhaustion and stress in the work, deterioration of health and social adaptation. Anesthesiologists-resuscitators of both groups are characterized by type A behavior, which is manifested by high subjective value of professional activity, high readiness for energy costs, low resistance to frustration and stress. Recommendations for the prevention of professional burnout in anesthesiologists-resuscitators are proposed, depending on factors contributing to the development of burnout syndrome.

Relevance. Professional activity of specialists in many industries in modern society takes place in difficult conditions. Anesthesiologists-resuscitators are subject to significant adverse effects of physical, chemical, biological, psychophysiological and psychological nature. Therefore, the risks of stress, as well as professional burnout and mental maladjustment increase, leading to decreased effectiveness and quality of professional activities, to adverse changes in personality, deterioration of health, relationships with colleagues, patients, relatives.Intention. To identify the impact of negative labor factors on the occurrence and development of professional burnout among anesthesiologists-resuscitators.Methodology. 95 anesthesiologists-resuscitators from the Arkhangelsk region took part in the study. Research methods: questionnaires, psychological testing, mathematical and statistical processing of empirical data.Results and Discussion. 65.3 % of anesthesiologists-resuscitators demonstrated psychological components of professional burnout syndrome, namely emotional exhaustion, increased fatigue, dissatisfaction with their professional activities and their results, as well as emerging health problems and general maladjustment. 76.6 % of the surveyed consider their professional activity as extreme. According to anesthesiologists-resuscitators, the most frequent negative factors of the labor process are psychophysiological and psychological ones (high responsibility, unexpectedness, lack of time, suffering and grief of other people, high loads). Anesthesiologists-resuscitators with most frequent occurrence and negative impact of psychophysiological and psychological factors, in comparison with other factors, have higher rates of organizational stress, psychological determinants of professional burnout and maladaptation disorders. Anesthesiologists-resuscitators with most frequent occurrence and negative impact of physical, chemical and biological factors, in comparison with psychophysiological and psychological ones, have less intensive professional burnout and organizational stress. They benefit from better communication skills, behavioral regulation and normative social behavior.Conclusion. The pronounced relationships between the psychological determinants of professional burnout (emotional exhaustion, work stress, health disorders and general maladjustment) and the psychophysiological and psychological factors of the labor process of anesthesiologists-resuscitators show the constructive and diagnostic validity of the study. Most correlations were found with such factors of professional activity, as novelty and strangeness, lack of time, unexpectedness of complex professional situations, ambiguity, uncertainty of these situations, observed and perceived violation of public order, which led to severe injuries in victims, the great significance of events and understanding of personal involvement.

Objective: identifcation of the peculiarities of the emotional states of anesthesiologists and intensivists in different periods of the COVID-19 Pandemic.Material and Methods. The study was conducted using an anonymous questionnaire survey in the frst and second waves of the pandemic COVID-19 among anesthesiologists and intensivists of the Arkhangelsk region: in May 2020 (in the frst wave of the COVID-19 pandemic), 58 doctors participated; the average age was 32.7 ± 1.7 years (M ± SD); in October 2020 (during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic), 43 doctors were involved; the average age was 28.0 ± 1.2 years (M ± SD). The repeated questionnaire survey was conducted among the same doctors.Results. During the second wave of COVID-19, male doctors more often noted poor health, signifcant heaviness and intensity of their work versus the frst wave, while women on the contrary during the frst wave had a poorer emotional state and higher level of emotional burnout. During the second wave of COVID-19, anesthesiologists and intensivists involved in caring for patients with COVID-19 were more likely to experience poor emotional state, anxiety, low mood, irritability, and a high level of burnout compared to the frst wave.Summary. The second wave of COVID-19 is accompanied by further exhaustion of emotional resources of anesthesiologists and intensivists.

Врачей анестезиологов-реаниматологов можно отнести к специалистам экстремального профиля деятельности, так как их работа связана с множеством стрессогенных факторов. Профессиональный стресс нередко становится причиной снижения адаптационных способностей у врачей анестезиологов-реаниматологов и возникновения профессионального выгорания, а также проблем со здоровьем. С целью выявления особенностей синдрома профессионального выгорания у анестезиологов-реаниматологов было обследовано 24 врача Республики Коми и 26 – Архангельской области. Использовались методики: шкала организационного стресса Мак-Лина, опросник «Отношение к работе и профессиональное выгорание» В.А.Винокура, опросник поведения и переживания, связанного с работой, многоуровневый личностный опросник «Адаптивность» А.Г.Маклакова, С.В.Чермянина, тест Ч.Спилбергера в модификации Ю.А.Ханина, методика оценки психологической атмосферы в коллективе. Установлено, что у врачей анестезиологов-реаниматологов Республики Коми чаще обнаруживаются факторы риска и признаки профессионального выгорания (63,6%), характеризующиеся эмоциональным истощением и напряжением в работе, ухудшением здоровья и социальной адаптации, в сравнении с врачами Архангельской области (53,9%). Для анестезиологов-реаниматологов обеих групп характерен тип А поведения, проявляющийся высоким субъективным значением профессиональной деятельности, высокой готовностью к энергетическим затратам, низкой устойчивостью к фрустрации и стрессу. Более половины врачей анестезиологов-реаниматологов Республики Коми (66,7%) используют неадаптивные копинг-стратегии в борьбе с трудноразрешимыми ситуациями. В статье предложены рекомендации по профилактике профессионального выгорания у врачей анестезиологов-реаниматологов. Профилактика синдрома профессионального выгорания представляет собой совокупность предупредительных мероприятий, ориентированных на снижение вероятности развития предпосылок.Она должна включать профессионально-организационное, социальное и индивидуально-психологическое направления работы.