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BACKGROUND. At present, the overall picture of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the causative agent of which is SARS- CoV-2, consists of hundreds of reports and articles in scientific journals, where doctors from around the world share their experience in diagnosing and treating patients. OBJECTIVE. To analyze the informativeness of imaging methods in the diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia of viral etiology (COVID-19). MATERIALS AND METHODS. We used test access to such full-text and abstract databases: a single package of the information database EBSCO; the largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature Scopus; Google Scholar; MEDLINE with Full Text; MEDLINE Complete; Dyna Med Plus; EBSCO eBooks Clinical Collection; Web of Science Core Collection WoS (CC); SCIE (Science Citation Index Expanded); SSCI (Social Science Citation Index); AHCI (Artand Humanities Citation Index). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Modern imaging methods that can be used in the diagnosis and monitoring of viral etiology (COVID-19) community-acquired pneumonia include: chest radiography (CR), computed tomography (CT) of chest and ultrasound (US). The analysis allowed to determine the typical criteria for the diagnosis of inflammatory changes of chest of viral etiology (COVID-19) according to CT and to identify radiological criteria for the severity of the disease. In-patient CR and US are recommended for use in critically ill patients who are in intensive care units, when it is impossible to transport patients. CONCLUSIONS. CT is an objective and most informative research method in the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia.

BACKGROUND. In a pandemic, when the etiotropic therapy of SARS-CoV-2 has not yet been developed, a comprehensive individual syndrome-pathogenetic approach to the treatment of patients with community-acquired pneumonia of viral etiology (COVID-19) is extremely important. The search for new commonly available drugs that can affect the inhibition of the cytokine storm, eliminate endothelial dysfunction and accelerate reparative processes in the lungs is relevant. At the same time the parenteral way of administration of the drugs provides the maximum bioavailability. OBJECT. To evaluate the treatment efficacy in the patients with viral etiology community-acquired pneumonia (COVID-19) with the use of syndrome-pathogenetic small volume infusion therapy according to computed tomography (CT) data. MATERIALS AND METHODS. We examined 12 patients (9 men and 3 women aged 18 to 62 years) with viral etiology community-acquired pneumonia (COVID-19), who were appointed for the treatment to the SI “National institute of phthisiology and pulmonology named after F.G. Yanovsky of the NAMS of Ukraine” in the acute period of the disease. 10 patients (8 men and 2 women aged 21 to 57 years) were referred to the institute from other medical institutions, where they were treated for viral etiology community-acquired pneumonia (COVID-19) 2-3 months ago. In addition to standard therapy all patients were additionally prescribed small volume infusion therapy 1-2 times a day for 10 days: Reosorbilact intravenous infusion 200 ml per day; Xavron (edaravon) 30 mg, which was diluted in 100 ml of saline, was administered intravenously; Tivorel (L-arginine and L-carnitine) intravenous infusion 100 ml per day. CT of the chest was performed on a scanner Aquilion TSX-101A (Toshiba, Japan) followed by comparative analysis. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Prior to treatment, patients with the viral etiology community-acquired pneumonia (COVID-19) had a systemic inflammatory process in both the acute and post-COVID-19 periods, which according to chest CT showed the same radiological symptoms: the presence of “ground-glass” and consolidation. Lesions of the lung parenchyma ranged from 30 to 60 %. After the course of treatment, all patients had a positive clinical effect, which was confirmed by positive radiological dynamics. At the same time, complete regression of pathological changes in the lungs was observed in 50 % of the patients with acute COVID-19 and in 40 % of the patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome. CONCLUSIONS. In the acute period of coronavirus infection when the patient is admitted to the hospital, it is advisable to additional use of the syndrome-pathogenetic treatment with such drugs: edaravon, a fixed combination of L-arginine and L-carnitine, hyperosmolar crystalloid solution in the regimen of small volume infusion therapy. This therapy can be used for patients in the post-COVID-19 period, when clinical symptoms, laboratory parameters of systemic inflammation, as well as characteristic pathological changes on chest CT present.

BACKGROUND. To date, radiological criteria for the diagnosis of viral pneumonia associated with SARS-CoV-2 have been established, and treatment regimens for patients depending on the severity of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have been developed for both outpatient and inpatient settings. Many patients, regardless of the form and severity of the coronavirus infection, suffer from a range of symptoms for weeks or even months that reduce their quality of life. Therefore, the diagnostics of complicated course of community-acquired pneumonia of viral etiology (COVID-19) via using computed tomography (CT) of the chest becomes relevant. OBJECT. To diagnose a complicated course of community-acquired pneumonia of viral etiology (COVID-19) according to CT of the chest. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A group of patients referred for treatment to the National Institute of Phthisiology and Pulmonology named after F.G. Yanovsky of the NAMS of Ukraine with complications of pneumonia from other medical institutions where they were treated for community-acquired pneumonia of viral etiology (COVID-19) 2-3 months ago. Chest CT of 20 patients (12 men and 8 women aged from 24 to 66 years) were analyzed. All patients complained of shortness of breath, cough, lack of significant improvement in general condition after discharge from the hospital. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Typical complications of community-acquired pneumonia of viral etiology (COVID-19) were determined by CT: 10 % of patients showed gradual progression of viral pneumonia (numerous opacities were identified as “ground glass”, consolidation and the “crazy paving” symptom); 15 % – signs of thrombosis of the pulmonary arteries branches; 25 % – exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with preservation of signs of bilateral polysegmental viral pneumonia; 20 % – exacerbation of asthma with signs of bilateral polysegmental viral pneumonia in the regression phase; 30 % – bullous pulmonary emphysema (“vanishing lung syndrome”). CONCLUSIONS. Typical complications of pneumonia of viral etiology (COVID-19) indicate that the inflammatory process does not end after inpatient treatment and the presence of a negative PCR test, and patients need further careful monitoring and correction of treatment. CT is an objective and most informative diagnostic method of complicated community-acquired pneumonia of viral etiology (COVID-19).