Проведен анализ лесных пожаров на территории Иркутской области, выявлены причины возгорания и масштабного распространения пожаров. Предложен новый подход к решению проблемы тушения лесных пожаров, который заключается в применении комбинированной мобильной техники, позволяющей выполнять сельскохозяйственные и хозяйственные функции, а также функции пожаротушения. Рассмотрен один из вариантов такой техники на примере устройства для метания грунта и пробивания водой. Предложена модель для оценки необходимых для тушения сил и средств, учитывающая новый подход. Forest fires, as shown by the results of numerous studies, are a complex uncontrollable process that leads to significant material damage, changes in the ecosystem and soil erosion. The reason for such a large number of forest fires and significant damage is that a long time passes from the moment of detection and warning to the fire localization start. In most cases, the protection of nearby forest areas is carried out by residents of adjacent settlements (creation of mineralized belts and plowing of adjacent areas). But the available technical means that are located in remote settlements do not meet the requirements for intensive fire extinguishing and suppression in the shortest possible time. The carried out studies were related to a greater extent to model the control of the extinguishing intensity, taking into account the technical equipment and a certain extinguishing technology. The introduction of scientific research in relation to fire hazards in forest plantations determines the relevance of the results obtained. The main goal of this work was to study the effect on the fire intensity. Taking into account our proposed extinguishing technology, using a device for throwing soil and simultaneously water spilling, the impact intensity of each type of control actions on fire is set by a vector that is included into the natural fire model. Based on the results of the study there was determined a control action for fire extinguishing in the form of a vector, which would allow to control the impact intensity on a fire by each of the types of controlled factors. Particular attention was paid to special mobile technical appliances, which should include a unit for throwing soil and cutting reclamation strips in the aisles of coniferous forest plantations, as well as the required amount of fire extinguishing liquid with a motor pump for spilling fires. Technical hitch and fire fighting equipment must be aggregated with mini-tractors of sufficient power, which can move freely in the aisles of coniferous forest stands. The results obtained should be used to extinguish forest fires in remote settlements, to develop methods, technologies and methods for extinguishing such fires, allowing to reduce the intensity of fire spread. The proposed mathematical model allows to select the most significant control parameters to achieve the maximum function of the impact intensity on the fire. The use of technology with special ground throwers for timely response and cutting of militia strips working with general-purpose tractors, the creation of artificial reservoirs, near remote settlements will allow to reduce the area of fires as well as the damage from forest fires in the territories of remote settlements of Siberia.

Рассмотрена проблема рационального распределения пожарно-спасательной техники в территориальные органы и учреждения МЧС России. Сформулированы условия ее эксплуатации, влияющие на сроки службы и списания, - количество личного состава, количество выездов на пожары и чрезвычайные ситуации (ЧС) за определенный период, среднее время работы на пожаре и ЧС, решаемые оперативно-тактические задачи, климатические условия, специфика охраняемых объектов, ремонтопригодность в условиях потребителя. На примере боевой одежды пожарного как одного из самых востребованных видов пожарно-спасательной техники приводится методика расчета рационального распределения боевой одежды по территориальным органам и учреждениям МЧС России. Приводятся критерии пригодности к дальнейшей эксплуатации с учетом невозможности проведения инструментального контроля в условиях потребителя. Logistics of fire and rescue equipment (hereinafter referred to as FRT) is the basis for a high-quality and timely response to fires and emergencies of a natural and man-made nature. Based on the financial capabilities of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia it is necessary to analyze the need for FRT of the territorial bodies of the Ministry based on data on the number of personnel in the territorial body; the number of fire fighting and emergency responses over the previous year; the number of FRT unsuitable for further operation. The article presents a methodology for calculating the necessary FRT for the territorial bodies of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia on the example of a firefighter‘s combat clothing (FCC). FCC is a means for individual protection of the personnel of firefighters and emergency rescue units, which is used by all fire-fighting categories when extinguishing all types of fires. The methodology is based on the following: the required number of different types of FRT over the years; the most popular types of FRT for inclusion in the procurement plan; the amount of materials and components to maintain fire and rescue equipment in working condition. The number of personnel, the number of fire and emergency responses for a certain period, the average time of work on fire and emergency situations, operational and tactical tasks to be solved, climatic conditions, the specifics of protected objects, maintainability in consumer conditions and other indicators affect the change in the technical condition of the FRT. All these components that affect the technical condition of combat clothing and the possibility of its operation are taken into account in this methodology. According to the methodology, the number of required FRT is calculated for distribution to the territorial bodies of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia. In addition, calculations carried out on the basis of the methodology make it possible not only to optimize the supply of the necessary FRT, but also to determinet technical condition of the possibility of extending its operation.