Stevens-Johnson syndrome is one of the most severe forms of exudative erythema multiforme. It is characterized by a lesion of the skin with an area of up to 10% of the entire surface of the body, with a mandatory lesion of the mucous membranes and the risk of developing a septic process. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is considered a very rare pathology in pediatric practice. From 0.4-1.2 to 6 cases per 1 million inhabitants are registered annually. This syndrome can occur at any age. As for children, SJS often occurs before the age of five. It is believed that the trigger for the development of SJS in children in 74-94% of cases is the use of various drugs, especially of a high risk group, as well as the occurrence of infections of both the upper and lower respiratory tract of bacterial-viral etiology. Today, there are 4 reasons for the occurrence of SJS: the relationship with drugs (taking antibacterial drugs, namely the penicillin series), the effect of infectious lesions of viral and bacterial etiology, the presence of autoimmune and oncological diseases, as well as the presence of idiopathic SJS when the cause is not established. Typical rashes in Stevens-Johnson syndrome are target-like rashes with two or three zones with the formation of blisters or bulls. The predominant localization of these rashes on the extensor surfaces of the arms and legs, on the palms and feet. In all patients, the course of SJS was accompanied by pronounced symptoms of intoxication in the form of fever, absent of appetite, headache, myalgia and arthralgia. SJS is most often differentiated in children with the course of herpes infection with lesions of the skin and mucous membranes. The article presents the differential diagnosis of elements of the rash in Stevens-Johnson syndrome and herpes infection in children.

The clinical features of the onset and dynamics of ecthyma gangrenosum caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa with the development of sepsis are observed in an eight-monthold child. The article incudes a detailed description and corresponding photo images of skin manifestations of the disease in the form of solid hemorrhagic fast-growing papules with a cyanotic halo and developing necrosis in the centre of the elements followed by the formation of ulcers or blisters. The diagnosis was made on basis of clinical manifestations and Pseudomonas aeruginosa culture from the contents of the blisters and blood. In spite of being treated intensely and being given antibacterial preparations possessing anti-Pseudomonad activity, the girl died on the 17th day after hospitalization.

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В статье описаны особенности течения аспергиллеза легких у ВИЧ-инфицированных детей и приведен клинический случай из собственной практики.

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