This review presents data on changes in the physiology of sleep during reproductive aging. It is noted that insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) are the main sleep disorders. The results of foreign and domestic studies in the field of free radical oxidation during sleep deprivation in animal models are presented, indicating the dependence of processes on the duration of sleep deprivation. The largest number of studies of free radical processes in a person with somnological pathology was carried out in the study of OSAS. Blood, urine, saliva, condensate of exhaled air can be biomaterial for determining the parameters of free radical oxidation. It was shown that the intensity of oxidative stress depends on the severity of OSAS, as evidenced by the positive correlation of the level of active products of thiobarbituric acid, the products of oxidation of proteins and carbonyl groups with the apnea/hypopnea index, determining the development of not only oxidative, but also carbonyl stress in patients with a severe degree OSAS. Biomarkers such as thioredoxin, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and reduced iron have shown a more stable relationship between increased oxidative stress and OSA. Despite the results obtained, the question of the association of oxidative stress and hypoxia in OSA remains debatable, which is associated with the opposite results of some studies. Insomnia, which occurs mainly in females, is accompanied by a high level of end products of lipid peroxidation with a decrease in the activity of antioxidants such as paraoxonase, an enzymatic component of the glutathione system. Along with this, menopausal women present low levels of uric acid, which correlates with high scores of the Pittsburgh sleep quality index questionnaire. Recent studies have identified an association between the activity of the «lipoperoxidation – antioxidants» system and the Clock 3111T/C gene polymorphism in menopausal Caucasian women, indicating the protective role of the minor allele.

No abstract

Objective: Our aim was to assess lipid peroxidation -antioxidant protection with the definition of the oxidative stress coefficient in perimenopausal women with sleep disorders. Methods: 45 perimenopausal women (mean age 49.1±0.32) were examined: 26 patients with sleep disorders, 19without sleep disorders. Evaluation of sleep disorders was conducted using a questionnaire of Stanford Centre for the Study of Sleep, test for assessment subjective severity of insomnia, the questionnaire for the quantitative assessment of the risks of sleep apnea, the scale for quantifying the degree of daytime sleepiness Epworth. We used spectrophotometric methods for lipid peroxidation -antioxidant system investigation. Statistical analysis was performed by non-parametric tests. Results: In perimenopausal women sleep disorders often presents falling asleep difficulties (93.3%) and morning awakening difficulties (78.8%). Complaints of snoring detected in 33.3% of patients. Insomnia severity index was 21.3±0.54, the total score on the Epworth scale -12.2±0.42. The study results showed increase of secondary products of lipid peroxidation (ketodienes and coupled trienes) levels by 2.2 times (р <0.05). Coefficient oxidative stress in women with sleep disorders is higher by 2 times than in group without sleep disorders. Conclusion: In perimenopausal women sleep disorders are associated with oxidative stress, which is pathogenic rationale for inclusion in the complex therapy of these patients drugs that inhibit of lipid peroxidation activation.

Цель. Оценить паттерн ночных пенильных эпизодов при полисомнографическом мониторинге и липидного профиля для определения риска развития сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний у мужчин с СОАС. Материал и методы. В исследовании приняли участие 51 мужчина в возрас те 46-55 лет. После расширенного ПСГ-исследования с использова-нием системы GRASS-TELEFACTOR Twin PSG (Comet) с усилителем As 40 с инте грированным модулем для сна SPM-1 (USA) со встроенной в про-грамму опцией регистрации ночных пенильных эпизодов (NPT) исследуемые были разделены на две группы. Из них 37 человек составили группу пациен-тов с СОАС (средний возраст -53,16±3,45 года, индекс массы тела -33,19±5,76 кг/м 2 ). В конт рольную группу вошли 14 человек, сопоставимых по возрасту и индексу массы тела, не страдающих нарушениями дыхания во время сна. В качестве материала для биохимических исследований использовалась сыворотка крови. Результаты. У мужчин с СОАС отмечено нарушение структуры сна, представ-ленное статистически значимым преобладанием поверхностного сна, дефи-цитом глубоких стадий сна и недостатком фаз быстрого сна (ФБС). Показано нарушение паттерна ночных спонтанных эпизодов эрекции относительно ФБС -замедленное начало и удлинение периода детумесценции. Снижено количество NPT во время сна. При оценке липидного профиля отмечено сни-жение количества антиатерогенных и повышение содержания атерогенных фракций холестерина с повышением коэффициента атерогенности. Относи-тельный риск развития сердечно-сосудистой патологии у пациентов с эрек-тильной дисфункцией (ЭД) выше в 4 раза (RR=3,9; 95% ДИ=1,44-10,61). Атрибутивный риск ЭД в отношении сердечно-сосудистой патологии составил 66% (95% ДИ=44,6%-87,4%). Заключение. Результаты, проведенного исследования позволяют рассма-тривать эректильную дисфункцию при СОАС в качестве раннего предиктора сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний у мужчин. ERECTYLE DYSFUNCTION AS EARLY PREDICTOR FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN MEN WITH OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA SYNDROMEMadaeva I. M., Kolesnikova L. I., Berdina O. N., Semyonova N. V., Dolgikh V. V., Madaev V. V.Aim. To evaluate the pattern of nocturnal penile episodes during polysomnography and the lipid profile for the risk of cardiovascular diseases development in men with OSAS. Material and methods. Totally 51 men aged 46-55 years participated in the study. After enhanced PSG by the GRASS-TELEFACTOR Twin PSG (Comet) system with As 40 amplifier and integrated module SPM-1 (USA) with in-built into the software option for nocturnal penile episodes (NPT) registration the participants were divided into 2 gropus. First 37 men made up the group of OSAS patients (av. age 53,16±3,45 y., body mass index -33,19±5,76 kg/m 2 ). Other 14 men were the control, with the same age and BMI, but free from respiration disorders during the night sleep. The serum utilized as the specimen for chemistry. Results. In men with OSAS the disorderd sleep structure was found, represented by significant prevalence of low-deepness sleep, deep sleep deficiency and lack of REM sleep. Also there was impairment of nigh...

Система глутатиона при нарушениях сна (обзор литературы) * бричагина А.С., Семёнова н.В., Мадаева и.М.