Background In contrast with the setting of acute myocardial infarction, there are limited data regarding the impact of diabetes mellitus on clinical outcomes in contemporary cohorts of patients with chronic coronary syndromes. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and prognostic impact of diabetes according to geographical regions and ethnicity. Methods and results CLARIFY is an observational registry of patients with chronic coronary syndromes, enrolled across 45 countries in Europe, Asia, America, Middle East, Australia, and Africa in 2009–2010, and followed up yearly for 5 years. Chronic coronary syndromes were defined by ≥1 of the following criteria: prior myocardial infarction, evidence of coronary stenosis >50%, proven symptomatic myocardial ischaemia, or prior revascularization procedure. Among 32 694 patients, 9502 (29%) had diabetes, with a regional prevalence ranging from below 20% in Northern Europe to ∼60% in the Gulf countries. In a multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards model, diabetes was associated with increased risks for the primary outcome (cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke) with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.28 (95% confidence interval 1.18, 1.39) and for all secondary outcomes (all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, and coronary revascularization). Differences on outcomes according to geography and ethnicity were modest. Conclusion In patients with chronic coronary syndromes, diabetes is independently associated with mortality and cardiovascular events, including heart failure, which is not accounted by demographics, prior medical history, left ventricular ejection fraction, or use of secondary prevention medication. This is observed across multiple geographic regions and ethnicities, despite marked disparities in the prevalence of diabetes. ClinicalTrials identifier ISRCTN43070564

This paper shows that national specifics of labour market determines management tools of labour market adaptation mechanism. The aim of the research is to identify management tools of labour market adaptation, using data of Russian Federation. Methodology research includes publication research, an in-depth analysis of semi-structures interviews with top managers, and observation of aspects that cover practices used in human resource management. A study of management practices in 110 organizations of the Sverdlovsk oblast showed that managers used tools of Dual Education Model, National Qualification Framework and employers labour mobility programs in education and hrpractice. Founding of Employers Educational Centers and employment of foreign workers are less popular hr-management practice.

В статье рассматривается модель линейного стимулирующего контракта. Актуальность данной темы подтверждается широким использованием линейного контракта на практике, особенно при формировании систем оплаты труда. целью статьи является анализ модели линейного контракта и выявление ключевых факторов, определяющих его вид. В статье приводятся допущения и ключевые результаты модели. Описываются стратегии поведения участников контракта. Дается содержательная интерпретация составляющих оптимального контракта. Определяются свойства сравнительной статики в отношении отдельных составляющих контракта и его структуры. Делаются выводы в отношении факторов, определяющих соотношение переменной и постоянной части вознаграждения. Проводится сравнение с оптимальным контрактом при полной информации, выявляются мотивы принципала на установление переменной части вознаграждения. Оценивается эффективность модели с точки зрения создания стимулов для исполнения условий контракта.

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The article considers the features of the formation of human capital of agricultural organizations. Developed human capital contributes to improving the financial condition of organizations and, as a result, improving the well-being and quality of life of the rural population itself. In this regard, it is necessary to take measures on the part of the state to form the attractiveness of rural areas. It is necessary to involve state authorities in the processes of human resource management along with providing agricultural organizations with domestic machinery and equipment, the introduction of technological innovations. The consolidation of qualified specialists in rural areas should be ensured, in particular, through additional measures to increase the level of wages, as well as to promote the employment of graduates of agricultural educational institutions. The costs of agricultural producers associated with attracting qualified specialists and improving the skills of workers can be covered at the expense of state support.