Мета дослідження: аналіз партнерських пологів як шля ху щодо зниження кесарева розтину у жінок з ано маліями пологової діяльності на базі типового міського пологового будинку. Матеріали та методи. Було вивчено ведення пологів у жінок з аномаліями пологової діяльності у присутності партнера та без нього. У дослідженні були використані історії пологів роділей з аномаліями пологової діяльності у Київському пологовому будинку № 1 за період 2005-2014 р. Результати. Встановлено, що психофізіологічний ком форт під час партнерських пологів, а також вживання партнером спеціальних прийомів, які допомагають зни зити больове навантаження, сприяють зниженню частоти вживання аналгетиків майже у два рази. Дані обстежен ня свідчать про зменшення тривоги, настороженості, іпо хондричного настрою жінок, появи впевненості у влас них силах, підвищенні їхньої самооцінки і готовності співробітництва з оточуючими та підтверджують пози тивний вплив партнерських пологів на психоемоційний стан жінки і відповідно на процес пологів. Заключення. Отримані результати дозволяють нам реко мендувати партнерські пологи як метод профілактики ос новних гестаційних ускладнень, а також для підтримки психологічного комфорту в родинній парі у динаміці вагітності, під час і після розродження, як метод профілактики аномалій пологової діяльності, як шлях до зниження застосування кесарева розтину. Ключові слова: кесарів розтин, аномалії пологової діяль ності.
In modern conditions, due to the increased frequency of cesarean section, which is not only a method of surgical delivery of pregnant women, but also surgery, there are problems in the reproductive health of operated women.Given the solution of many aspects of re-cesarean section, the issues of determining the diagnostic criteria for failure of uterus scar, their diagnostic value and use in practical medicine remain debatable.The objective: the investigate the features of uterine perfusion in pregnant women after a previous cesarean section and develop criteria for predicting the failure of the uterus scar.Materials and methods. A comprehensive two-stage (before and during pregnancy) examination of 180 women with a uterus scar after a previous cesarean section for the period from 2014–2019. Women were divided into groups and subgroups depending on the time of pregnancy.Results. Based on the conducted clinical and anamnestic data and the results of ultrasound examinations of the operated uterus, we detected changes in the blood flow of the uterine arteries and developed an arterial perfusion index in pregnant women. Using the proposed index, the features of arterial perfusion in women of childbearing age, depending on the time of pregnancy and the failure of the uterus scar after a previous cesarean section. This allowed us to determine the limit values of this indicator for each group of women, in which the value of this indicator differed significantly from healthy women. The proposed limit levels of uterine perfusion allow to diagnose uterine perfusion disorders during pregnancy at different times.Conclusion. Determining the arterial perfusion index in pregnant women expands the diagnostic capabilities of physician in determining the condition of the postoperative uterus scar after a previous cesarean section and is an additional preventive measure to determine its failure. The output of the values of this indicator beyond the predicted threshold values will require additional diagnostic actions on the part of the physicians to find additional combined pathology that may affect uterine blood perfusion.
Purpose of the study was analysis the particulars of morphological capability of the uterine scar after the previous Caesarean section.Materials and methods. The paper presents the data of morphological study of 100 fragments of uterine scar tissue, which were divided into two groups on clinical grounds. The first group included 50 fragments of the so-called “clinically capable” scars, and the second group included 50 fragments so-called “clinically incapable” scars. Assessment of the uterine scar tissue was performed by immunohistochemical study with monoclonal antibodies, as well as Van Gieson's and Masson's stain.Study results. More pronounced structural changes of the actual muscle fibers and microcirculatory disorders were observed in form of changes in architecture and areas of myometrium tissue homogenization in the group with “clinically incapable” scars using hematoxylin and eosin stain of the uterine scar tissue. In the differentiation of fibrous connective tissue using Van Gieson's stain method in the group of "clinically incapable" scars were manifested as replacement of muscular tissue with connective tissue with the formation of discrete muscular tissue fibers, and expressed perivascular fibrosis. Degenerative-ischemic changes of uterine scar tissue were found in the group of “clinically incapable” scars using immunohistochemical study with monoclonal antibodies to α-SMA. Pathomorphological study of the uterus scar revealed that hypoxic-degenerative changes and irregularity of maturation of collagen tissue, as well as pronounced replacement of muscle tissue with connective tissue with formation of separately immersed fibers of muscle tissue took place in the “clinically incapable” group. Immunohistochemical study with monoclonal antibodies to α-SMA and to CD31 revealed the more pronounced degenerative ischemic changes in the “clinically incapable” group.Conclusions. The revealed changes in the structure of the uterine scar tissue indicate that the state of myometrium, vascular component, regenerative capacity in the “clinically incapable” group on 43.4% worse than in the “clinically capable” group, and may manifest negatively with excessive functional loading of the uterine wall during pregnancy and childbirth.
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