Economic and environmental measures related to the formation of nature reserves as key elements of the ecological network of Ukraine are considered. It is shown that in conditions of prevailing private ownership of land, a significant role is played by the forced alienation of land plots promising for conservation, as well as the establishment of environmental restrictions in land use. At the same time, the needs of the economy in land resources should be balanced with the requirements of environmental protection and biodiversity conservation. The additional benefits of creating conservation areas for the local population, which are associated with the creation of healthier living conditions and improving the quality of life, preventing the degradation of natural resources and reducing their pollution, are emphasized. The essence of spatial organization of the conditions of conservation of biological diversity in Ukraine through the formation of land-use areas of nature reserve fund is determined. An approach to improving the ecological and economic bases of the formation of land use areas of nature reserve fund, in particular, in the ecological network in Ukraine is given.