In the conditions of unstable political, economic and social development of society the problem of quality of life, well-being, satisfaction of each citizen of the country acquires special importance. Research has shown that happiness is determined by various factors (age, marital, social and financial status, physiological status, social relations, personal characteristics), its level changes throughout life and can be corrected by certain psychological methods of influence. The purpose of our study was to study the state of development of the problem of happiness and study the content of the ideas of young people about happiness, their characteristics depending on gender and professional orientation. In order to study the peculiarities of the young generation's ideas about happiness, we studied 250 third-year students aged 20 to 22 years of various specialties. The researched questionnaire was asked to answer the questions, the analysis of which helped to make generalized conclusions about their ideas about happiness. The most of students rate their level of happiness as high or medium. But their level of happiness is much higher than their level of success, which can lead to a contradiction between the desire for success and happiness. This state of affairs requires correction of the content of ideas about happiness in adolescence by providing educational information about awareness of success as a process of self-realization and a component of happiness, the desire for integrated satisfaction of both material and spiritual needs for full personal development.

The article is devoted to the question of communicative competence formation, represented in all spheres of professional application in higher education and states that the degree of its formation depends on a person's approach to behave in different social situations. This study examines the essence and structure of communicative competence, as well as the system of its formation while teaching a foreign language to higher education students of economics. Evaluation of the characteristics of developing communicative competence when working with economic texts is carried out as the main communicative unit on the example of the use of specific material in speech. The methodology of the formation of communicative competence among future economists is theoretically determined and experimentally tested through interaction with economic texts in English for professional purposes (49 students aged 17-20 years participated in the research). Analysis of linguistic, psychological, psycholinguistic and methodological bases of communicative competence formation, questionnaires of students and survey results gave grounds for the development of experimental methods of these competences formation by future economists in the process of studying modern foreign language.The interactive methods of learning from economic texts were developed under a new concept of teaching foreign language for the formation of communicative competence and introduced in experimental groups of learners. The data indicated a significant increase in intermediate and high levels of future economists" communicative competences formation in groups with interactive classes.

The article represents the research of relationship between internality and self-development in the case of the different levels of optimistic attributional styles. The sample consists of psychology students of Ukraine. The strong positive impact of internality on self-development under conditions of medium optimistic attribution has been revealed. A decrease has also been set in self-development of psychology students with high internality in the case of a highly developed optimistic attributional style. It has been established that the psychology students with a medium level of optimistic attributional style and a high level of internality have the highest scores of self-development. The lowest self-development is typical of psychology students with high internality and pessimistic attributional style.

The article presents the results of the analysis of scientific research studying the problem of life success and the features of the ideas about it among students of different genders and specialties. The features of understanding of success, successfulness, success in life, as well as the process of achieving it, which is determined by personal motivation for changes and development, accompanied by the energy status of activity, a positive emotional state, leading to the achievement of the desired goal in a certain area of social life and the well-being of the individual, have been determined. The results of the ascertaining experiment confirm the research assumption that the peculiarities of students' ideas about success in life are determined by their gender and the choice of professional specialization. It was found that girls and boys mainly focus on material values, their own self-realization and career growth, which can hinder the maximum comprehensive implementation and high quality of life of the individual in the future. Achieving goals and money as part of life's success are often high on the minds of students, regardless of their specialization. The exceptions are lawyers, for whom self-realization is more important, TV journalists, for whom money comes first, and actors, for whom the most important thing is to satisfy their needs and respect others. Most students assess their level of life success as medium or low, which can reduce their level of motivation, self-esteem, self-efficacy in the implementation of aspirations and requires the development of special psychological recipes to optimize the process of achieving their life success.

Introduction. The article highlights psycholinguistic features of students’ acquisition of visual-semantic image of a hieroglyph in studying Japanese. The choice of the image category is justified by its ability to reflect in individual’s consciousness a complete picture of the object of cognition, which corresponds with the specific character of the hieroglyphic script. The visual-semantic image of a hieroglyphic sign has been defined as a complicated cognitive complex (mental image), which is an integral product of visual sensory-perceptual reception of all graphic elements of the hieroglyph formal structure, a coherent vision of it and conceptual representation, embodied in the meaning. Goal. The purpose of the article is to present results of the study of psycholinguistic features of students’ acquisition of visual-semantic images of hieroglyphs. The following techniques have been chosen as the main psychodiagnostic tools: «Pictograms» by О. Luria, «Hidden Figures» by K Gottschaldt, «Matching Familiar Figures» by J. Kagan, «Free Sorting of Objects» by R. Gardner in modification by V. Kolg. Results. Results of theoretical explorations on the psychological features of the problem of a personality’s acquisition of foreign languages, particularly, hieroglyphic, have been presented. It has been shown that interpretive capabilities of hieroglyphic signs are fundamentally different from the usual European method of linguistic codification of reality and that optimization ways of Oriental languages acquisition should be based on the differences between phonemic and hieroglyphic writing. Psycholinguistic peculiarities of students’ acquisition of the visual-semantic image of a hieroglyph have been revealed – character and structure of students’ visual and meaning images of hieroglyphic meanings have a significantly expressed individuality. The study of individual cognitive learning styles the educational information by students has shown that main cognitive skills and abilities are one of the factors of this success in combination with others; quality of the hieroglyphics acquisition improves with a good ability in systematization, generalization, unification of the unit into broad classes, as well as in the tendency to reasonableness.