The results indicated that compounds 1-7 could serve as promising leads for further optimization as novel antibacterial inhibitors, in particular, for the treatment of drug resistance of Mtb forms.
The aim of the article is found on the idea of measure as a substrate of criminal-legal influence. The publication proposes to consider the measure as a substrate of external forms of legal influence and criminal-legal measure as a primary element of all external forms of criminal-legal influence (in connection with the commission of a criminal act). The analysis allows us to conclude that the substrate of legal influence is a basic element of socio-legal regulation (which substantively combines a system of techniques and methods of influence used to obtain a positive and socially significant result). It should be understood that a criminal-legal measure is a system of techniques and methods of coercive and rehabilitation-encouraging influence of the state on criminal practices (criminal offenses, objectively illegal acts, abuse of law) and lawful post-criminal behavior, which is carried out by the law, determined by the socio-cultural environment. It is concluded that such ideas of Leonardo Polo as coexistence, the abandonment of mental limit, his thoughts on ethics, knowledge, and law can be applied successfully when the criminal-legal measure is characterized by several features that distinguish it from measures of the legal influence of another industry.
The main task of the article is to study a separate qualitative property criminal law its intelligibility. When solving the problem the definition of intelligibility of the criminal law taking into account genesis is formulated this concept and different approaches to its content, which have developed in modern law doctrine. In order to substantiate the author's approach to the definition of intelligibility of the criminal law the monitoring of normative-legal acts, decisions of national and international judicial authorities is carried out. It is shown that the term ‘intelligibility of law’ and related terms ‘clear’, ‘precise’, ‘simple’ law are actively used both in regulations and in decisions of national and international judicial authorities. However, the terminology is diverse, thereby it has been suggested in the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights to use the term ‘intelligibility’of the law, which is the most accurate and adequately reflects the assessment of the legal certainty of national laws. The general conclusion is substantiated that in modern doctrine there are three approaches to determining the legal nature of the intelligibility of the law: as a component of the rule of law, as a requirement for the language of law, as a qualitative property of law. The absence of antagonistic features in each of the approaches allowed to use the positive gains of different perceptions of the intelligibility of the criminal law and to define it.
The article is devoted to the relevant issue of introduction of new forms of self-employment and labour in the national economy. The basic indicators of employment of the population are analysed. They testify that recently the number of employed people has decreased, and the number of people who have organized their activities has increased. Researches showed that during 2017, industry differences in nominal and real wages also deepened. The highest average monthly nominal wage in Ukraine remained in financial-insurance and information and telecommunication activities, and the smallest-in land transport, construction, industry, education, and healthcare. It is substantiated that such disagreements create serious socioeconomic problems at the local and regional level. These problems have become the prerequisite for the study of new forms of employment and labour, such as outsourcing, outstaffing, freelance, e-lance, coworking. The described models of the business organization use the work of specialists for a certain period of time or volume of work. In this context, the significance of outsourcing as an instrument of enterprises' access to the necessary resources, an increase of their competitiveness, and reduction of transaction costs is researched, as well as opportunities for development and strengthening of staffing through outstaffing. The advantages of these new forms are: reduced tax base; maintaining the status of a small business; avoiding labour risks and additional grounds for inspections; simplification of accounting. A special attention in the article is devoted to models of self-employment or labour activity of professionals for job search and earnings. Such professions as freelancer and e-lancer, as shown by the research, provide the opportunity to work remotely and carry out all activities through the Internet. Professional areas of e-lancers are as follows: design and graphics, website development and support, writing of advertising and informational texts, programming, advertising, marketing, photography, audio and video, consulting, engineering, and other business services. One of the first explored common platforms (freelance platforms) was hackerspaces, that is, places where gathered people with common interests, and there were such platforms at the expense of membership fees. A comparison of a hackerspace with coworking has shown both common and distinctive features. The main difference is that when building coworking platforms, most often there is cooperation with private business as the organizer of this platform. There is also a certain public sector involvement, but unlike more developed European countries, this sector in Ukraine is too small. Coworking, first of all, provides assistance in the form of premises and technical support, in order to increase its efficiency and economic activity. The article proposes a methodology for calculating self-employed population in Ukraine that will allow representatives of free trades to be attracted to official business activities.
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