Цель исследования-изучить особенности морфометрических параметров брюшной части аорты и ее непарных ветвей у взрослых женщин с различным типом телосложения. Материалы и методы. Проведен анализ 152 компьютерных томограмм брюшной части аорты и ее непарных ветвей у взрослых женщин с различным типом телосложения. Согласно классификации В.Н. Шевкуненко, все исследованные женщины были разделены на группы с долихоморфным, мезоморфным и брахиморфным типами телосложения. Согласно значению индекса Пинье, выделены астенический, нормостенический и гиперстенический типы телосложения у женщин. Результаты. Установлено, что типы телосложения по В.Н. Шевкуненко имеют меньше статистически значимых различий по параметрам брюшной части аорты и ее непарных ветвей, а между конституциональными типами, выделенными с использованием индекса Пинье, имеются существенные статистически значимые различия по подавляющему большинству из изученных морфометрических параметров. Заключение. В связи с тем, что классификация В.Н. Шевкуненко отражает в большей степени линейные параметры тела, а индекс Пинье-еще и объемные (обхват груди, масса тела), последний обеспечивает большее количество различий сравниваемых параметров брюшной аорты и ее непарных ветвей, в том числе, зависящих от типа и степени развития абдоминальной жировой клетчатки. Ключевые слова: брюшная аорта; непарные ветви брюшной аорты; классификация В.Н. Шевкуненко; индекс Пинье; тип телосложения.

In connection with the rapid development of endovascular surgery and the increasing number of minimally invasive surgeries there is a need for a detailed study of variants of the architectonic and topographic and anatomical characteristics of extraorganic blood vessels. The purpose of the study was to study the variant anatomy of the celiac trunk and its branches in adult men and women with different shapes of body. The analysis of 2300 computer tomograms of the abdominal aorta and its unpaired branches of adult men and women in age 25-75 years with a different body type was made. According to the value of the Pinier index, were dedicated asthenic, normosthenic and hypersthenic forms of the physique. It is established that the cases of a typical classic variant of celiac trunk trifurcation in men is observed only in 35% of cases, and in women – in 41.2%, with an atypical variant of its division was observed significantly more often (in 65 and 58,8%, respectively). It is shown that regardless of gender and the shape of the body at Pinier index in all studied groups, the incidence of typical branching of the celiac trunk varies from 32.1 to 49.4%, and the frequency of atypical variant is an average of 62.1%. Among atypical variants of division of the celiac trunk quadrifurcation occurs more often. Thus, the frequency of most of the variants of the celiac trunk showed significant differences depending on gender and body type. Knowledge of variant anatomy of the celiac trunk will be may significantly increase the quality of preoperative diagnosis in surgery on the celiac trunk and its branches, and exclude iatrogenic damage of these vessels.

The rapid development of transplantation, endovascular and minimally invasive surgery necessitates a detailed study of the structural features of the vessels of the abdominal cavity. The purpose of the study is the characteristics of the morphometric parameters of the abdominal aorta and its unpaired branches in men and women at different ages and depending on the body type. The analysis of 266 computer tomograms of the abdominal part of aorta and its unpaired branches was carried out in adult men women divided into three age groups (first and second periods of mature age and elderly age), as well as into three groups according to the Pinier index (asthenic, normosthenic and hypersthenic body types). It was established that individual morphometric parameters of the abdominal part of aorta and its unpaired branches in men and women significantly change with age. It is proved that the diameter of the aorta at various levels significantly increases with age from the first mature to the elderly age by an average of 5 mm. However, in men, the length of the abdominal aorta, celiac trunk and main trunk of the superior mesenteric artery does not change with age. In women, the length of the celiac trunk increases with age at 5.9 mm, the length of the main trunk of the superior mesenteric artery - at 17 mm. The angle of discharge of the celiac trunk in men changes unevenly with age - in the second period of mature age, there is a statistically significant decrease by an average to 12.3°, then in old age an increase to 15°. Moreover, in women, the values of this indicator vary more evenly. The angles of discharge of other vessels did not show a clear age dependence, since this parameter is largely due to the constitutional features. The aorto-mesenteric distance changes with age only in women. In elderly age, it is on average 4.4 mm larger than in the first period of mature age. It was also found that there are significant differences between constitutional types identified using the Pinier index in the overwhelming majority of the morphometric parameters studied. The obtained information has a significant clinical importance, since it will allow objectifying the diagnostic criteria of various vascular syndromes and minimizing the risk of endovascular interventions.

In the last few decades there has been a steady growth of vessels diseases, including diseases of the abdominal aorta and its unpaired branches. The aim of this study was to study the topography of the abdominal aorta and its unpaired branches in men and women belonging to different age groups. It was analyzed 266 computer tomograms of the abdominal aorta and its unpaired branches of adult men and women divided into three age groups (first and second periods of mature age and old age). It was found that for men is typical the more distal location of the studied anatomical objects relatively to the vertebral column in comparison with women. It was proved that in women of the first mature age period, as well as in men, most often the beginning of the abdominal aorta is observed at the middle of the Th12 body (35.8%), in the second period of mature age - at the middle of the Th12 body (33.3%); in the elderly - at the level of the lower edge of the body of this vertebra. The level of the aorta bifurcation in men in the first period of mature age are most often located at the level of the lower edge of the L4 body, in other age groups at mid-body L4. While in women the age-related changes of the level of the bifurcation of the aorta is not significant. It was shown that in women in all age groups the outfall of the celiac trunk is localized higher than that in men. Dynamics of age changes of the position of the outfalls of the upper and a lower mesenteric artery, in men and women varies considerably. The obtained information about sex and age characteristics of the position of the abdominal aorta and its bifurcation, the outfalls of the celiac trunk, upper and lower mesenteric arteries have not only anatomical interest but also have clinical importance in surgical interventions on the organs of gastro-splenic-pancreaticoduodenal zone.

Цель -изучить особенности морфометрических параметров брюшной части аорты и ее непарных ветвей у взрослых мужчин с различным типом телосложения.Материал и методы. Проведен анализ 148 компьютерных томограмм брюшной части аорты и ее непарных ветвей у взрослых мужчин в возрасте 25-75 лет с различным типом телосложения. Согласно классификации В.Н. Шевкуненко, были выделены три группы с долихоморфным, мезоморфным и брахиморфным типами телосложения. Согласно значению индекса Пинье, выделены астенический, нормостенический и гиперстенический типы телосложения.Результаты. Установлено, что диаметр брюшной аорты на уровне чревного ствола не различается в зависимости от типа телосложения по В.Н. Шевкуненко, в группах, выделенных по индексу Пинье, диаметр брюшной аорты различается на всех уровнях. Длина брюшного отдела аорты имеет достоверные различия только между крайними формами телосложения -долихо-и брахиморфной, а также между гипер-и астениками. При использовании индекса В.Н. Шевкуненко из изученных угловых параметров достоверно отличается только угол отхождения верхней брыжеечной артерии, в группах, систематизированных по значению индекса Пинье, различия наблюдаются по всем угловым параметрам.Заключение. В связи с тем, что классификация В.Н. Шевкуненко отражает в большей степени линейные параметры тела, а индекс Пинье -еще и объемные (обхват груди, массу тела), последний обеспечивает большее количество различий сравниваемых параметров брюшной аорты и ее непарных ветвей, в том числе, зависящих от типа и степени развития абдоминальной жировой клетчатки.Ключевые слова: брюшная аорта, непарные ветви брюшной аорты, классификация В.Н. Шевкуненко, индекс Пинье, тип телосложения.The aim of the study was to determine characteristics of the morphometric parameters of the abdominal part of aorta and its unpaired branches in adult men with different body types.Material and methods. An analysis of 148 computer tomograms of the abdominal aorta and its unpaired branches was carried out in adult men aged 25-75 years with a different body type. According to the classification V.N. Shevkunenko, three groups with dolichomorphic, mesomorphic and brachymorphic types were distinguished. According to the Pigne Index, asthenic, normostenic and hypersthenic body types are distinguished.Results. It was established that the diameter of the abdominal aorta at the level of the celiac trunk does not differ depending on the body type according to V.N. Shevkunenko, in groups identified by the Pigne index, the diameter of the abdominal aorta differs at all levels. The length of the abdominal aorta has significant differences only between extreme forms of body type -dolicho-and brachymorphic, as well as between hyper and asthenic. When using the index V.N. Shevkunenko from the studied angular parameters reliably differs only the angle of discharge of the superior mesenteric artery, in groups systematized by the Pigne index, differences are observed in all angular parameters.Conclusion. Due to the fact that the classification of V.N. Shevkunenko reflects...