No abstract

The article presents the analysis of the limiting environmental factors that determine the dynamics of the roe deer population in Western Siberia. The regularities of the extreme effect of winter anomalies, in particular, high snow, on the organisms of Siberian roe deer have been determined. The structure of winter nutrition and behavioral reactions of roe deer has been studied in terms of adaptation and maintaining the homeostasis in the conditions of fodder shortage and overcoming the resistance of the snow cover. The reasons for the mass mortality of roe deer in the winter have been found. To solve this problem, post-mortem examinations were made of the roe deer that died from starvation in the wild. Studies have shown that roe deer feeding on raw growing browse in the wintering period results in injuries of the digestive system. This browse has low nutritional value and is unable to ensure the energy balance in the organism of roe deer. It has been found that this process is accompanied by degeneration of the tissues and organs with disruption of their functions, resulting in nutritional depletion, which causes mass mortality of roe deer in the wild.

The article presents innovative environmental methods as a basis for biotechnological approaches of sunflower cultivation to be used for supplementary feeding of roe deer in their natural habitat in the winter, in order to preserve the animal population and to maintain the biological balance of the ecosystem at the Kirzinsky Federal State Natural Reserve in the Novosibirsk region. The article provides the basic pathoanatomical and morphological criteria of the metabolic processes in the organism of Siberian roe deer in case of using sunflower in their diet. A high level of anabolic (cumulative) processes in the roe deer organism is identified, which is manifested in the formation of large fat depots, thus reflecting the high degree of stability of the biological system to the occurrence of natural extraordinary factors in the natural habitat of the roe deer. The examination has shown that the rumen is satisfactorily filled with homogeneous contents of moderate humidity. Forage mainly consists of sunflower represented by the sunflower groats with grains (seeds) of various degree of mechanical and biological crushing. The use of sunflower as supplementary feed in extensive fodder fields allows Siberian roe deer to accumulate energy reserve in the winter with significantly high snow cover, for ensuring the forming and metabolic processes, especially in the extreme conditions of living in the wild.

Using the reaction of anaphylaxis with desensitization on guinea pigs, the antigenic structure of lymphoid organs in leukemia and other pathologies of cattle was studied. It is believed that neoplasia is the result of a distortion of the gene activity program due to the introduction of an oncogenic virus into the cell genome, integration with other biological objects, or gene mutation. All this leads to the emergence, first of all, of quantitative anomalies, expressed in continuous, uncontrolled cell division, cell migration and changes in their biochemical activity. In all likelihood, the essence of the identified differences described in the article is that in the biological fluids of cows with leukemia there are, in addition to BLV antigens, water-soluble leukemia-associated antigens.

Comfortable conditions for keeping animals are achieved on the basis of the requirements (provisions) of the basic biological law on the unity of the organism and the conditions of its existence, i. e. in the case of syintegration of all the links providing the industrial breeding of animals and birds.