The article presents an analysis of the determination of the effectiveness of mineral and organic fertilizers on the yield of winter wheat grain. The studies were carried out in 2017–2020 in the Rostov region on the southern chernozem. The object of research was the Doneko winter wheat variety. The predecessor is corn for grain. Ammonium nitrate, ANP fertilizer (16-16-16) and urea were used as mineral fertilizers, which were applied in the fertilization system of winter wheat and acted as a background option in the experimental scheme. ANP fertilizer (16-16-16) was introduced when sowing winter wheat, ammonium nitrate - scattered over thawed-frozen soil and carbamide in the heading phase by foliar method. Organomineral fertilizers were represented by the following types: Ruther, Leili 2000, Siamino Pro, Gumiful Pro, Soft Guard and Double Wine MKR (monocaliphosphate) produced by Biokepharm (Switzerland). The raw material for the production of organomineral fertilizers was the algae of the warm seas Laminaria. In the field experiment, the options for the joint application of foliar application and pre-sowing seed treatment with organomineral fertilizers were also studied. The control was the option without mineral fertilizers and the option with the background of the use of mineral fertilizers (farm fertilization system). It was found out that the use of organic fertilizers Ruter (0.5 or 0.25 l / t) and Leyli (0.25 l / t) for seed treatment before sowing, the use of Soft Guard (0.2 l / ha) and Gumiful Pro ( 0.2 l / ha) in the spring tillering phase and in the flag leaf phase against the background of sowing nitroammophoska at a dose of N32P32K32, random fertilizing on thawed-frozen soil with ammonium nitrate at a dose of N40 and the use of carbamide in the heading phase at a dose of N20 increased grain yield on average for 2018–2020 compared with the control (fertilization system of the farm) by 0.73 t / ha, or 23.0%. The maximum yield increase from the root-forming agent Ruther, used for pre-sowing seed treatment, reached 0.36 t / g, or 11.3%.

The experiments were carried out in 2018–2021   on ordinary chernozem in the conditions of the Rostov region. The winter barley variety Master was cultivated. The predecessor is corn for grain. Mineral fertilizers included ammonium nitrate (34.4%), ammophos (12-52), nitroammophos (16-16-16). Nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers (a fertilizer mixture of ammonium nitrate and ammophos) and nitroammophoska (16-16-16) were applied when sowing barley, ammonium nitrate was applied by a surface method randomly in the spring tillering phase. Bacterial preparations contain strains of associative nitrogen-fixing microorganisms: Mizorin, Rizoagrin, Extrasol. They were applied to barley seeds in the pre-sowing period. It has been established that the use of the bacterial preparation Mizorin (600 g/ha) against the background of pre-sowing application of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer at a dose of N30P30, nitrogen top dressing with ammonium nitrate at a dose of 30 kg/a.i. ha increased the increase in grain yield on average over three years compared with the control variant (without the use of agrochemicals) by 0.71 t/ha, or 14.4%. The application of the biological preparation Mizorin without mineral fertilizers increased the yield by 0.31 t/ha, or 6.3%, compared to the control variant. In 2019–2021, the average protein content in the grain of winter barley in the control variant was 10.7%, which ensured the collection of protein 525 kg/ha. Against the background of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers at a dose of N30P30 and nitrogen supplementation at a dose of 30 kg/ha, the maximum increase in protein content was in the variant using Mizorin, which was 1.1% compared to the control variant, while the protein yield in the crop increased by 138 kg/ha, or by 26.3%.

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The article presents the results of field experiments carried out in 2018-2020 on the fields of EkoNivaAgro LLC at the Levoberezhnoye farm (Liskinsky district, Voronezh region). The objects of the study were the Canadian soybean variety OAK Prudence, the Argentinean inoculant of the liquid formulation Nitragin Zh, the fungicidal dressing agent Delit Pro, KS, pyraclostrobin 200 g / l (BASF, Germany). Soybeans were grown using the NO-TILL technology after the predecessor corn for grain. The yield of soybean grain in the control variant (without the use of agrochemicals) was the highest in 2018, favorable for moisture (1.50 t / ha) and practically the same in 2019 and 2020. - 1.24 and 1.23 t / ha, respectively. On average for 2018–2020 the yield of soybean grain in the control variant was 1.32 t / ha. The maximum grain yield was obtained on the variant with the combined use of the inoculant Nitragin Zh and ammonium nitrate at a dose of 200 kg / ha - 2.08 t / ha. The increase in comparison with the control variant reached 0.76 t / ha, or 57.0%. The greatest influence on the technological parameters of soybean seeds was exerted by pre-sowing inoculation of seeds and pre-sowing application of nitrogen fertilizers at a dose of N70. Inoculation provided an increase in the protein content in soybean seeds by 4.1%, and the introduction of N70 by 4.3% in absolute terms compared to the control.

The article presents the results of field experiments on the effect of mineral fertilizers and bacterial preparations on the yield and quality of safflower seeds. Studies were conducted in 2016-2018 in the North-Eastern zone of the Rostov region on dark chestnut soils. The object of research was the variety of safflower Zavolzhsky-1. Predecessor was winter wheat. As mineral fertilizers, ammonium nitrate and ammophos were used in various doses, according to the scheme of experience, which were introduced simultaneously with sowing or randomly for presowing cultivation. The bacterial preparations were presented to the associative nitrogen-fixing bacteria of the strains Minorin, Flavobacterium, KL-10 production research center of Pushkin. In the field experiment, the variants of the joint application of mineral fertilizers and pre-sowing treatment of seeds with bacterial preparations were also studied. The control was an option without the use of mineral fertilizers and bacterial preparations. The research methodology is standard for studying the action of fertilizers. The average seed yield of safflower on the options amounted to 1,03-1,22 t/ha, oil content of seeds of 35.9-36.3 percent, and the yield of oil yield of seeds from 1 ha – 337-398 kg. In the course of research, we have found that the optimal dose of mineral fertilizers, providing the greatest yield and yield of oil in harvest – introduction of scattering under the sowing cultivation at a dose of N48P52. The increase to the control variant was 18.4%. The yield of oil was increased by 23.7%. The bacterial preparation with associative strains of nitrogen-fixing bacteria for use on natural background fertility of the soil Flavobacterium was identified. The increase in the yield of oilseeds was 13.6%, oil collection was 18.1%.