The object of the research is the multidisciplinary schools of the Republic of Tatarstan. The purpose of the study in the context of subject-oriented instruction is to develop and test the stages of the formation of high school students’ motivational readiness for professional identity. To achieve the goal of the research we used such methods as theoretical (comparative historical analysis), empirical (the study of the students via teacher observation, questionnaire), mathematical (processing of the obtained results by means of statistical processing of research results). The particular practical usefulness of the article is in the fact that it has developed and implemented in practice the scheme for the gradual formation of the high school students’ motivational readiness for professional identity in the context of subject-oriented instruction, which makes it possible to apply the research data by teachers of multidisciplinary lyceums, gymnasiums, specialists from institutions of additional education and a system of additional professional education.
В статье образование рассматривается с позиций когнитивной парадигмы и опирается на идеи человекосообразности. Целью исследования является выявление и адаптация условий развития университета как социально ориентированной интеллектуальной корпорации. Автор акцентирует внимание на социально ориентированной деятельности высшего образовании, представляющей собой систему связей, которая способствует человеческой капитализации, обеспечивая возможность получить каждому качественное образование и продвигаться согласно индивидуальной траектории развития в целях успешной самореализации в социуме. Методологической основой исследования явился принцип социальной ориентации, обеспечивающий эффективность реализации функций и направлений социально ориентированной деятельности и скоординированность деятельности организации по образовательному, экономическому, социальному и экологическому направлениям устойчивого развития вуза. Социально ориентированная деятельность интегрирована в основную деятельность организации и предусматривает социальную ответственность перед заинтересованными сторонами - акторами. В ходе исследования использованы теоретические методы (изучение и анализ педагогической, научно-методической и учебной литературы, систематизация материала по исследуемой проблеме, прогнозирование), эмпирические методы (анализ стратегий развития вузов). Научная новизна исследования заключается в выявлении условий развития университета как социально ориентированной интеллектуальной корпорации: организационно-управленческие; психолого-педагогические; социально-культурологические. В ходе анализа педагогической теории, стратегий развития вузов России и вузовской образовательной практики, находящихся в открытом доступе, было выявлено, что к основным результатам развития вуза относят: обеспечение высокого уровня качества подготовки выпускников; предоставление стартовых возможностей развития для каждого студента; создание высококачественных услуг в сфере цифровизации; точечную системную довузовскую подготовку абитуриентов; создание развитой научно-технической базы; непрерывное профессионально-личностное развитие педагогов, системное реагирование на изменение потребностей рынка труда; сотрудничество с работодателями; участие вузов в качестве драйверов в регионе своего присутствия. Можно отметить и выявленные нерешенные и внутренние барьеры: социально-экономические, управленческие, профессионально-личностные. Анализ реализации вышеперечисленных условий развития университета как социально ориентированной интеллектуальной корпорации позволил выделить и ряд специфических особенностей разработки и реализации стратегий развития вузов. Материалы могут быть полезны педагогам, представителям ректората вуза, ученым, соискателям и аспирантам. The article treats education from the standpoint of cognitive paradigm which is based on the idea of human conformity. The purpose of the study is to identify and adapt the conditions for the development of the university as a socially oriented intellectual corporation. The author focuses on the socially oriented activity of higher education, which is a system of connections that contributes to human capitalization providing an opportunity for everyone to receive a quality education and advance according to an individual development trajectory for successful self-realization in society. The methodological basis of the study was the principle of social orientation, which ensures the effectiveness of the implementation of the functions and directions of socially oriented activities and the coordination of the organization activities in the educational, economic, social and environmental areas of sustainable development of the university. Socially oriented activities are integrated into the key activities of the organization and provide for social responsibility to interested parties - actors. In the course of the study, the author used theoretical methods (study and analysis of pedagogical, scientific, methodological and educational works, systematization of material on the problem under study, forecasting) and empirical methods (analysis of university development strategies). The scientific novelty of the study lies in identifying the conditions for the development of the university as a socially oriented intellectual corporation: organizational and managerial conditions; psychological and pedagogical conditions; socio-cultural conditions. In the course of the analysis of pedagogical theory, strategies for the development of Russian universities and university educational practice, which are in the public domain, it was revealed that the main results of the development of the university include: ensuring a high level of quality in the preparation of graduates; providing starting development opportunities for each student; creation of high-quality services in the field of digitalization; point system preuniversity training of applicants; creation of a developed scientific and technical base; continuous professional and personal development of teachers, systemic response to changing needs of the labor market; cooperation with employers; participation of universities as drivers in the region of their presence. The author also notes the identified unresolved and internal barriers: socio-economic, managerial, professional, and personal. The analysis of the implementation of the above conditions for the development of the university as a socially oriented intellectual corporation made it possible to identify a number of specific features of the development and implementation of university development strategies. The materials can be useful to teachers, representatives of the administration of the university, scientists, applicants and graduate students.
В настоящее время профильное обучение является неотъемлемой частью системы образования в Российской Федерации. Институциональной формой реализации этой цели выступают профильные школы и профильные классы, в которых за счет изменений в структуре, содержании и организации образовательного процесса в значительной мере учитываются интересы, склонности и способности учащихся. Для организации обучения и достижения профессионального самоопределения старшеклассников в соответствии с их профессиональными интересами и намерениями необходима специальная подготовка педагогов. В статье обобщены особенности профильного обучения старшеклассников и соответствующие им характеристики профессиональной деятельности педагогов. С целью расширения спектра компетенций педагогов, работающих в условиях профильного обучения, предлагается программа повышения квалификации «Вектор профессионального развития» и рассматриваются составляющие ее модули. Особое внимание в программе уделяется направленности на организацию психолого-педагогического сопровождения процесса профессионального самоопределения старшеклассников, свидетельствующего о продуктивности профильного обучения. Апробация представленной программы повышения квалификации подтвердила ее практическую значимость в профессиональной деятельности педагогов в условиях профильного обучения. Статья предназначена директорам и педагогам школ с профильным обучением, работникам системы дополнительного образования, исследователям. Nowadays, subject-oriented education is an integral part of the education system in the Russian Federation. Subject-oriented schools and classes serve as an institutional form of the implementation of this purpose. Due to the changes in structure, content and organization of educational process students’ interests, talents and abilities are to a greater extent considered. Teachers’ special training is needed to promote senior schoolchildren’s decision-making process in terms of choosing their future careers according to their professional interests and intentions. The article provides the features of subject-oriented education of senior schoolchildren and corresponding features of teachers’ professional activity. To enhance the range of teachers’ competences working in the conditions of subject-oriented education, the authors offer the programme for teachers’ professional development “Vector of Professional Development” and consider its modules. Special attention in the programme is focused on the organization of psychological and pedagogical support of the process of professional self-determination of senior schoolchildren demonstrating the efficiency of subject-oriented education. Practical implementation of the presented programme for teachers’ professional development proved its practical value in teachers’ professional activity in the conditions of subject oriented education. The article is intended to heads and teachers of subject-oriented schools, staff of the system of additional professional education, and researchers.
The paper draws attention to the comparative dynamics of university ranking factors for the last five years (2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017)(2018). The period under review is characterized by an active transition to the information society. The article deals with a relevant problem of identifying factors in the educational organization ranking formation. These factors are significant in the period of transition to an information society. The aim of the research is development and pilot approbation of the author's algorithm of dynamic subject-oriented analysis on factors forming a ranking of an educational institution. The basic methods of this research include: factor analysis for the university ranking formation, theoretical and experimental substantiation of the author's algorithm of dynamic subject-oriented analysis, statistical methods of comparison of teachers and heads of educational organizations, a uniform experimental basis of interpretation and prediction of dynamics of the ranking reflection in the organization's information environment. The author's algorithm is based on the mechanisms of factor analysis of subjective representations. The dynamic basis of the author's algorithm includes the analysis of stability and sustainability of the considered factors observed in the questionnaire surveys conducted in the period from 2013 to 2018. The poll respondents were 150 leaders and pedagogical staff of technical schools and colleges of the Russian Federation. The subjective focus of the author's algorithm consists of separate opinions of teachers and managers on the educational organization ranking. The significance of a number of factors in the ranking structure, which remain relevant for five years, is confirmed. Among such factors are: the developed information and educational environment, the faculty capacity, the number of accredited specialties and the issuance of degree certificates. The ranking structure revealed the most dynamic positions with a high significance and output beyond the limits of the previously established statistical deviation. In addition, there are factors, the priority of which has been identified recently, for example, the factor of demand by entrants, recommended by the management, and the factor of research activity that was recommended by teachers. The predicted changes for the near and distant future were also revealed. We draw a conclusion about the applicability of the proposed algorithm to identify common factors. The role of education system actors in the formation of university rankings is determined. In the open information environment the algorithm contributes to dynamic forecasting for the near and distant future.
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