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Detailed and unambiguous characterization of the surface structure of detonation nanodiamond (DND) particles remains one of the most challenging tasks for the preparation of chemically functionalized nanodiamonds. In the present paper, a combination of FTIR, NMR, and XPS was used to characterize DND particles that were treated in a reduction reaction that results in the enrichment of hydroxyl and hydroxymethyl functional groups. FTIR spectra and quantum-chemistry modeling demonstrated that the vacuum treatment of the sample, with the purpose of the removing adsorbed water and other volatile contaminates, is mandatory to obtain the correct data on the nature and relative content of the −OH surface groups on DND. 13C and 1H NMR spectra show signals from the diamond core, hydroxyl, hydrocarbon groups, and moisture on the diamond surface. NMR data were taken for as-prepared DNDs, as well as those that were dried under vacuum conditions of 10–4 Torr, in order to distinguish between the NMR signal contributions due to moisture and other hydrogen-containing groups.

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Phone: þ7 383 326 9510, Fax: þ7 383 330 8056Curved graphene fragments can be considered as building blocks of carbon nanotubes. Thus, the size of graphene fragments may be considered as one of the most important characteristics of their structural disorder. In this paper, we have performed a comparative Raman study of CVD multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and graphene flakes deposited on MWCNTs. Raman data have been considered in combination with HRTEM characterization of nanotubes. The basic attention has been paid to the behavior of D (disorder-induced), G (tangential mode), and 2D (two-phonon scattering) bands in Raman spectra in order to use them for MWCNT characterization. A ratio of intensities of 2D and D bands (I 2D /I D ) demonstrates almost a linear dependence on the mean diameter of MWCNTs produced with two different types of catalysts (see abstract figure). It should be mentioned that each type of catalyst provides the linear dependence with its own specific slope. The graphene fragments have been proposed to form a mosaic structure of nanotube walls. I 2D /I D ratio depends on the amount of graphene flakes deposited on nanotube surface via ethylene decomposition.A dependence of intensity ratio I 2D /I D on the diameter of nanotubes produced with different types of catalysts.A Raman spectroscopy has obvious advantages because it provides an express and nondestructive control of structural and electronic characteristics of carbon materials. Graphite, diamond, graphene, nanotubes, fullerenes in form of monocrystals, polycrystalline films, and powders show their own features in Raman spectra and, thus, can be identified with this technique [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. The graphene fragments can be considered as building blocks of sp 2 -carbon materials. The size of graphene fragments may be considered