Non-thermal plasma (NTP) in the air around the cell layer or biological tissues is considered as a generator of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, ions, and solvated/aquated electrons. This review covers current understanding on the effects of NTP in living systems, with the focus on the role of free radicals and other NTP-generated particles in the chemical modification of biomacromolecules and regulation of signal transduction. We summarise recent data on the impact of NTP-originated products on intracellular redox balance, mitochondrial biogenesis, cell membranes and organelles. In addition, we discuss the transport of NTP products across the biological membranes. Since the expression of numerous transporter systems differs at various stages of development, distinct cell lines, and in pathological conditions, experiments on NTP effects should be designed in various models for the assessment of cell- and tissue-specific response. Notably, NTP effects are observed throughout the whole tissue even when particles are generated at the surface. Special attention is paid to the NTP-treated solutions (phosphate buffered saline, Ringer’s solution, cell culture medium) as their composition and pH can be significantly altered. However, these data also suggest novel opportunities for the application of NTP and NTP-treated solutions in biomedicine. Studies on the mechanisms of NTP action on biological systems should contain analysis of events coupled to generation and accumulation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, neutral compounds, solvated electrons, and detection of new cellular targets of their action. This would allow developing of efficient and safe protocols for NTP applications in biology and medicine.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of plasma acid on the uterine tissue of laboratory animals in vitro.Materials and methods. Treatment of dimethyl sulfoxide – water solution and water for injections with a spark discharge in air resulted in a decrease in pH, which contributed to generation of plasma acid in the solutions. We incubated uterine tissues in vitro in plasma acid at room temperature for 30 minutes. The treated tissues were examined histologically and immunohistochemically.Results. We showed that plasma acid had pronounced biological activity. Immunohistochemistry was used to show that, depending on the type of a solution, plasma acid altered generation of nitrosative damage products (3-NT) and oxidative DNA damage (8-OHdG) and modulated the number of cells with high proliferative potential (including CD133+ cells) and production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). These effects contributed to the general cytotoxicity of plasma acid solutions.Conclusion. During 30-minute exposure in vitro, plasma acid prepared from the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) – water mixture exhibits various biological effects in uterine tissue samples obtained from experimental animals. Plasma-treated water exerts cytotoxic effects associated with oxidative DNA damage and promotes induction of pro-angiogenic activity in the uterine tissue. Plasma-treated DMSO does not have a cytotoxic effect. It inhibits cell proliferation, reducing the population of CD133+ cells and VEGF production in the tissue.

ФГБОУ ВО Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого Минздрава России, Красноярск, Россия Статья посвящена обзору и анализу научной литературы по вопросам морфологических преобразований костной ткани при применении наноматериалов в процессах репаративной регенерации. Дана характеристика небиодеградируемых и биодеградируемых материалов с учетом их преимуществ и недостатков для дальнейшего практического применения. Для снижения риска осложнений и времени восстановления костной ткани все чаще исследуются и применяются наноматериалы с биодеградируемыми свойствами в сочетании с донорскими клетками, биоактивными веществами или специализированные наночастицы для доставки лекарств и маркировки клеток. Намечена тенденция к замене литых имплантационных материалов на пористые трехмерные (3D) матриксы. Наличие пор определенного размера обеспечивает остеокондуктивность материала, что является обязательным свойством для роста сосудов и проникновения остеопрогениторных клеток внутрь имплантата. Наноструктурированные материалы способствуют равномерному распределению остеобластов вокруг костных трабекул при их формировании, тем самым увеличивая объем восстанавливаемой костной ткани. Ключевые слова: наноматериалы, наночастицы, кости, костная ткань, регенерация. Для корреспонденции: Татьяна Николаевна Чекишева.The paper reviews the literature on the morphology of bone tissue when using nanomaterials for the purposes of reparative regeneration. Non-biodegradable and biodegradable materials are characterized regarding their benefits and drawbacks in further practical application. Biodegradable nanomaterials reducing the risk of complications as well as bone repair time are currently studied and used in combination with donor cells, bioactive substances, or specialized nanoparticles for drug delivery and cell labeling. The trend is scheduled to replace the cast implant materials on the porous three-dimensional (3D) matrices. Pores of a certain size provide osteoconductivity of the material, which is mandatory for vascular growth and ingrowth of osteogenic cells inside the implant. Nanostructured materials contribute to the uniform distribution of osteoblasts around developing bone trabeculae thereby increasing the volume of restoring bone tissue.

The aim of the research. To study the molecular effects of water treated with spark-discharge plasma on tissues of the cyst wall of the ovarian endometrium in vitro. Material and methods. Tissues of the ovarian endometrial cyst capsule obtained during the surgical treatment of women through laparoscopic access were incubated in various modes in plasma acid, ethanol and physiological solution at room temperature. Plasma acid was produced by treating water for injection with spark-discharge plasma to a decrease in pH<2.0. Aft er the immunohistochemical study of the preparations, a comparative analysis of ablative and apoptogenic action via TUNEL was performed, as well as analysis of proangiogenic action (VEGFA), endothelial progenitor cells (CD133), protein damage (NT), DNA damage (8-OHdG) and proliferation activity (Ki67) of different treatment methods from the standpoint of potential plasma acid efficacy for sclerotherapy of ovarian endometrioma as compared to standard sclerosant: ethanol. Results. Th e study has demonstrated a more pronounced ablation and pre-apoptogenic effect of plasma acid on tissues of the ovarian endometrium capsule than ethanol. In addition, a decrease in neoangiogenesis and protein damage from active forms of nitrogen (protective action) compared to ethanol was shown. Conclusion. Water treated with spark-discharge plasma can be considered an eff ective alternative to ethanol for ovarian endometrioma sclerotherapy. The sequential action of plasma acid and ethanol increases the sclerosing action of ethanol.