The purpose of the study was to reveal the features of the competence approach to the study and assimilation of knowledge in histology, cytology and embryology by students of higher medical education. Materials and methods. Analysis, generalization and systematization of information of scientific and methodical work were used in the study. Results and discussion. A competence approach to the educational process is an approach that clearly outlines the competencies that must be acquired and implemented in real life during future professional activity. Today, medical institutions of higher education combine traditional and innovative teaching methods. The acquisition of professional competencies is more effective due to the application of the latest learning technologies and the introduction of modern methodological approaches in the study of theoretical and clinical disciplines. The latest methods and technologies provide a personally oriented approach to learning, develop critical thinking, cognitive activity, contribute to self-improvement and self-education of the future doctor. In the process of training, medical students acquire the following competencies: integral – the ability to solve tasks and problems in professional health care activities; general – the ability to apply knowledge in practical situations and professional activities; special – the ability to determine the structural components of organs and systems; the ability to use the acquired knowledge for further diagnosis of pathological changes in the clinic; the ability to evaluate the results of laboratory tests, make a diagnosis, determine the nature of treatment; skills in performing medical manipulations, etc. When determining the forms of pedagogical activity at the Department of Histology, Cytology, and Embryology, the competence approach to the study of histology is preferred. A competence approach to education is the key to students acquiring high-quality knowledge, skills and abilities that will meet the modern needs of the medical field and the expectations of patients. The examples of the methods used to develop competencies among students include the method of working with material in small groups, evaluating advantages and disadvantages and the method of comparisons (searching for common and distinctive features when determining and comparing histological structures). Conclusion. Thanks to the competence approach to education, the tasks set for higher medical education students are successfully implemented: acquiring professional competencies, acquiring quality knowledge, abilities and skills, forming clinical thinking, developing communication, mental and practical abilities, which will facilitate the adaptive process of future doctors

The article elucidates the directions of the guidance provided by experienced mentors to young lecturers at the Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology of the Poltava State Medical University as one of the forms of professional training, social support and training of future specialists in the medical field. Special attention is paid to the main conditions for the effectiveness of mentorship; it has been emphasized that mentoring itself is a two-way process, when the mentor transfers professional knowledge, personal experience, skills and abilities that will allow the young teachers to adapt quickly. It has been found that mentoring is a personnel technology of departments of medical universities that enables continuous professional development of young lecturers and instructors. The urgent need for mentoring appears especially acute today, as rapid changes in the system of higher medical education and their introduction in organizational processes and the educational environment require an immediate response from teaching staff. Mentoring at the department of Histology, cytology, and embryology combines the professional development and a comprehensive approach to each young scientific and pedagogical worker. Discussion on the implementation of the mentoring program at the department of Histology, cytology and embryology of the Poltava State Medical University is the most important condition in the professional development of young educators, in improving pedagogical skills; it is also significant in the professional orientation of medical students. Mentoring today is not a popular trend, but a conscious necessity, which has proven the invaluable social and pedagogical influence of highly qualified mentors on young educators who ensure consistency between theoretical and practical training of future healthcare professionals.

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The purpose of the study was to reveal the theoretical foundations of the implementation of the tutoring approach to the teaching of histology, cytology and embryology as a universal pedagogical technology. Materials and methods. Analyses, generalization and systematization of information from scientific and methodical literature were used in the study. Results and discussion. Tutoring technology is one of the credit-module system of education components in educational institutions of the III-IV levels of accreditation. Individualization of education contributed to the development of tutoring technologies, which are aimed at the development of independent work in the educational process of a higher medical school, and the tutor is responsible not only for the level of knowledge, but also for the formation of the personality of the future doctor. The introduction of tutoring into the educational process is a desire to identify the gifted young generation, to help them organize themselves in the educational space of the university and to get to know the applicants with their dreams and problems. The tutor gradually acquires a different role from previous work experience, which requires mastering self-organization techniques, the ability to take the initiative in a situation of uncertainty, and the cultivation of paradoxical thinking. The tutor becomes a role model, showing students certain orientations and techniques for self-improvement. Implementation of tutoring in a higher medical school takes place on the basis of mutual respect and trust, which creates a real opportunity for continuous professional growth of the teacher's competence and increasing the knowledge of students, their self-esteem, forms of flexibility and non-standard thinking, creates a desire to replenish one's own knowledge. Tutoring is one of the promising directions of the development of the individualization of training in the professional training of future medical students, which contributes to: creation of a whole set of educational and teaching-methodical manuals for independent work; development of integrated interdepartmental tasks; development of collegial relations of teachers and students; development of tasks that involve non-standard solutions. Conclusion. Tutoring is one of the forms of organizing the educational process, which involves mostly individual consultations, the use of project methods, and the introduction of information technologies. It helps to form the skills of self-education, self-development and creative solution of professional tasks, training in effective methods of development and implementation of research projects in various spheres of practical activity of students

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