The article deals with the spiral-plate working unit, configured with teeth, the cutting edge (blade) of which is made on site (curve) of the logarithmic spiral. Each helix of studied working unit (taking into account properties of a helical surface or a line) is set at an angle and lift the helix has an angle of rotation generator (i.e., the helix angle of twist). In this case, to create the motion equation of any point of the teeth’s motion, the working unit is in the spatial coordinate system 0xyz so that the origin was in his heart.

The article deals with the interaction process of blade cog of disk-shaped spring (spiral-plate working unit) with the soil. At the same time, taking into account that the intensity of the impact of blade working unit on the ground depends on the speed of its movement, with an increase of which, increases the surface tillage on depth of stroke and cutting weed roots, determined the rate of blade cog at any point, and on the basis of differentiation of its motion equations, and after some transformations, we obtain a formula for determining the cutting speed of any point of the blade cog of disk-shaped spring. We also determined the total acceleration of considering point and the analysis of dependency was carried out.

The article presents the results of experimental research of the rotary conical tillage working unit in the soil canal. The authors established a functional dependence of driving force and the rotation speed of the conical working unit from the angles of attack α and inclination to the horizontal level β, as well as the depth of tillage a. The rational value of angles of attack α and inclination of rotation axis to the horizon β was determined, which is providing the minimum driving force or the maximum speed of rotation of working unit. At the same time the extreme points on the tractive effort and the rotational speed are different. Therefore, the rational value of angles α and β can be chosen only as a compromise for different depths of soil treatment are in the following ranges. For а=8 cm: 44 ≤α ≤48, 25 ≤ β ≤28; for а=10 cm: 39 ≤α ≤44, 30 ≤ β ≤31; for а=12 cm: 34 ≤α ≤40, 33 ≤ β ≤37. When operating a conical working unit, we can recommend the following. The angle of inclination of the axis of rotation to the horizontal β and the angle of attack α need to be changed, depending on the processing conditions of the soil. During autumn tillage, you must install the angles α and β to provide the least traction so that to reduce fuel consumption. In spring, when preparing the fields for sowing, in the first place it is placed the quality of the soil, which increases with increasing ω. Therefore, it is necessary to set the angles α and β so, as to maximize the speed of rotation of the working unit.

Lack of accommodation of powertrains characteristics of mobile machines with the conditions of their operation in the agricultural sector leads to several problems. The aim of this study was chosen to create an approach to harmonize the characteristics of mobile machines powertrains with the conditions of their operation in the agricultural sector, which would allow to increase the efficiency of these machines due to: taking into account engine modes and transmission, peculiar to real operating conditions; taking into account the influence of the control action on the engine operation modes and transmission (partial work on high-speed mode); taking into account the influence of external constraints (requirements, efficiency criteria) on the engine operation modes the and transmission; the possibility of using operational means of establishing characteristics in the early stages of designing. A number of tasks were solved: 1) Creation of a mathematical model of the system, including the powertrain, the mobile machine operating conditions and control actions; 2) Collection of experimental data to verify the adequacy of the model; 3) Conducting computational experiments; 4) Optimization model for applications. Using the developed model, it becomes possible for any unit of the “powertrain - mobile machine – operation environment” system to set design requirements for specific operating conditions, as well as the laws of control of system components. The methods of applications of the model, the specific algorithms of system control for applications were developed.