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The failures and damages in the process of production, gathering, preparation and transportation of hydrocarbons lead to the spills in gathering systems and pipelines and considered one of the major aspects negatively affecting the environment. Oil spills due to the various failure (damage) types in industrial oil pipelines from environmental point of view are extremely hazardous. Onshore oil spills alongside with the oil floods on the land surface are followed with their penetration to the soil. This case, in its turn, stimulates the vegetation and soil cover destruction in the failure areas, the pollution of air, water reservoirs and underground waters as well. The installation of up-to-date automated monitoring and measuring system, if possible, the development of new methods of diagnostics with the aim of well-timed specification and immediate prevention of oil spills in pipeline damages, the evaluation of their environmental impact are the urgent issues of present day. The paper shows the possibility of identification of oil spill points, as well as the estimation of the quantity of flowed out from the oil pipeline, if oil spill point is fixed.

The article is devoted to the study of supersonic movement of natural gas in a pipeline and the possibility of developing new technological processes for cooling, drying and separating liquid hydrocarbons. Technological processes and a set of equipment created using the supersonic movement of natural gas are studied, their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. It is known that a change in the process of gas injection into UGS facilities in a wide range of pressure during the season creates opportunities for more efficient use of compressor equipment. The thermobaric parameters of gas cooling due to supersonic motion in various designs have been calculated, and the existence of ample opportunities for creating new technological processes has been proved. Recommendations have been developed on the throughput capacity of gas installations to ensure the regulation of cooling systems created for underground gas storage facilities. It was noted that the cooling and gas separation systems created on the basis of thermobaric parameters and principles of regulation will be useful not only for underground gas storages, but also for other sub-sectors of the gas industry. Keywords: natural gas; supersonic movement; laval nozzle; underground gas storage; gas cooling; separation; compressor.

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