Background. Infertility is becoming ever more pressing a problem by year in Russia and worldwide. Tubal-peritoneal infertility is most frequent, with the prevalence of 42.5-80.5% in various estimates. Echohysterosalpingography is considered the today’s “gold standard” in tubal-peritoneal infertility diagnosis in women. This method is known to possess a series of limitations and adverse consequences due to painful sensations during and after check-ups that psychologically afflict women.Objectives. An overview of current methods for inspecting fallopian tubes in reproductively impaired patients to inform promising diagnostic research.Methods. Publications were mined and analysed in the PubMed, eLibrary, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Cyberleninka electronic databases. The query terms were: echohysterosalpingography [эхогистеросальпингография], echohysterography [эхогистерография], infertility [бесплодие], pregnancy planning [планирование беременности], fallopian patency [проходимость маточных труб], ultrasonic diagnosis [ультразвуковая диагностика], submucous myomatous node [субмукозный миоматозный узел], incompetent uterine scar [несостоятельный рубец на матке], niche [ниша]. The topic selected was female infertility, particularly, the use of echohysterosalpingography in fallopian diagnosis in reproductively impaired women.Results. The review covers 52 sources of the total 118 analysed. Current published evidence and its review identify a notable success of imaging techniques in the fallopian tube diagnosis in women with reproductive problems. The continually developing echohysterosalpingography technique is considered more promising for routine use. Techniques gain more value in analyses of implantation failures. The main challenges in current radiodiagnosis and monitoring of fallopian lesions at a background therapy are the inspection standardisation, disease classification, imaging diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value evaluation in patients with reproductive loss and infertility.Conclusion. The prospective routes of research comprise the definition of optimal check-up terms, echohysterography and echohysterosalpingography diagnostic criteria descriptiveness, improving prognosis in the carrying of pregnancy and treatment efficacy control. A timely and accurate diagnosis of uterus and fallopian tubes is of paramount importance to sustain the women’s reproductive health.

Objective Development of an ultrasound diagnostic matrix for predicting the severity of proliferative changes in the ovarian focal lesion.Material and Methods The research was conducted on the basis of the Clinical Oncology Center, Regional Clinical Hospital no. 2. Echography (B-mode), color Doppler mapping, energy Doppler mapping (pulsation index, resistance index) on GE Voluson E8 and Aloka SSD 3500 devices were used as research methods. Retrospectively, 81 patients of reproductive age from 18 to 45 years were examined. Depending on the histological structure of ovarian lesion, the results of surgical treatment, dynamic observation and the outcome of the disease, were divided into 4 clinical groups: I (n = 12; 14,8%) – controls with no changes in the structure of the ovaries; II (n = 20; 24,7%) – patients with retention ovarian lesions; III (n = 20; 24,7%) – with benign tumors; IV (n = 29; 35,8%) – with malignant tumors.Results A large number of diagnostic parameters does not always allow to formulate an instrumental diagnosis correctly because they have different diagnostic significance. That is why we made an attempt to create a diagnostic matrix. For each of the 18 parameters, three answers were offered. When analyzing the results of the study, there was an increase in the number of pathological parameters from II to IV clinical groups. Thus, in group III, the combination of 2 pathological signs was found in 65% of cases, and 3 signs – in 25% of the examined women. In group IV, the combination of 2 signs was determined in 82% of the subjects, and 3 signs in 65%.Conclusion Thus, we found out that in-depth ultrasound examination (color Doppler imaging, pulsed Doppler) allowed to identify the severity of the proliferative changes and to give the prognosis of the disease.

Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Кубанский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, ул. Седина, д. 4, Краснодар, Россия, 350063. АННОТАЦИЯ Цель. Выявить наиболее информативные ультразвуковые критерии патологии эмбриона и экстраэмбриональ-ных структур с 8-й по 11-ю неделю гестации с целью прогнозирования течения и исхода беременности для плода.Материалы и методы. Было обследовано 215 беременных в сроках гестации с 8-й по 11-ю неделю. Результаты. Путем расчета чувствительности и специфичности были выявлены наиболее информативные па-раметры неблагоприятного развития беременности. Параметрами неблагоприятного течения и исхода беременно-сти для плода являются следующие высокоспецифичные признаки: отсутствие желточного мешка, неадекватное развитие желточного мешка, неадекватная васкуляризация хориона. Низкоспецифичными признаками являются: тонус миометрия, неадекватная васкуляризация желтого тела.Заключение. Ультразвуковая оценка эмбриона и экстраэмбриональных структур в сроках гестации с 8-й по 11-ю неделю позволяет прогнозировать особенности течения и неблагоприятный исход беременности для плода. Federation, Sedina str.,4, Krasnodar, Russia, 350063. A. V POMORTSEV, YU. YU. DYACHENKO, YU. V. GRUSHEVSKAYA, V. V LASHEVICH PREDICTION OF ADVERSE PREGNANCY OUTCOME FOR THE FETUS ON THE BASIS OF ULTRASOUND INVESTIGATION OF THE EMBRYO AND EXTRAEMBRYONIC STRUCTURES Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Kuban State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian ABSTRACTAim. Identify the most informative ultrasound criteria for the pathology of the embryo and extraembryonic structures from the 8th to the 11th weeks of gestational age in order to predict the course and outcome of pregnancy for the fetus.Materials and methods. 215 pregnant women were examined during gestation from 8 to 11 weeks. Results. By calculation of sensitivity and specificity, the most informative parameters of unfavorable development of pregnancy were revealed. Parameters of adverse course and outcome of pregnancy for the fetus are the following highly specific signs: absence of yolk sac, inadequate development of yolk sac, inadequate vascularization of the chorion. Lowspecific signs are: tone of myometrium, inadequate vascularization of the yellow body.Conclusion. Ultrasound evaluation of the embryo and extraembryonic structures during gestation from 8 to 11 weeks makes possible predicting the features of the course and the unfavorable outcome of pregnancy for the fetus.Keywords: diagnostic ultrasound, extraembryonic structures, gestational period ÂведениеПроблема неблагоприятного исхода бере-менности на протяжении многих лет занимает ведущее место среди осложнений в акушерской практике. Объединяет такие диагнозы, как преж-девременные роды, самопроизвольные аборты,

No abstract