Acanthospermum hispidum DC. is a South American weed with high invasive potential that infects more than 25 major crops. As a result of the research, the phytosanitary status of the species as absent in the territory of the Russian Federation was clarified. The types of regulated products were analyzed and possible ways of A. hispidum penetration into Russia were shown in article.

In the Vologda region over 2016–2018 on average on sod-podzolic medium loamy soil the studies revealed that the calculated doses of fertilizers increase the yield of green mass of the oatmeal mixture by 38–48%, the accumulation of crude protein increases by 315–369 kg/ha, the metabolic energy increases by 26.3–31.8 GJ/ha compared to the reference. In terms of reimbursement, there is an advantage of the organomineral fertilizer system of annual crops over the equivalent mineral fertilizer system by 4.6 kg of green mass and by 12 MJ of metabolic energy per 1 kg of fertilizers.

The article reviews the concept and technology of pest risk assessment for the spread of quarantine species based on ecological and geographical analysis and ecological niche modeling. Using a quarantine species Ipomoea hederacea (L.) Jacq. as an example, we calculated the ecological requirements of the species. The main ecological factors limiting the spread of I. hederacea were determined and the ecological amplitudes of the species in relation to each factor limiting its distribution were quantitatively estimated. We identified ecologically suitable habitats and compiled a map of the ecological-geographical niche of the species using specially created environmental maps based on the obtained data of the ecological limits of the species. Using the map of the ecological-geographical niche, the I. hederacea distribution risk in the regions of the Russian Federation was estimated. Similar maps can be used for basis of quantitative as well as targeted risk assessment of penetration and establishment of harmful organisms. Obtained information will be useful to compile lists of quarantine species, estimate the potential areas of geographic distribution of pests into Russian Federation, and make decisions for introduction of effective phytosanitary measures to prevent the penetration of these invasive organisms. It can also be used as the basis for organizing and conducting phytosanitary monitoring in the Russian Federation.

The results show the tuning process in the structure of pelagic communities (phytoplankton, zooplankton). Over the past decade have changed the dominant meiobenthic community representatives of major taxonomic groups, the quality of food resources for juvenile fish and bottom of the bottom complexes improved. Macrozoobenthos stable.

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