The paper highlights the investigations into the effects of the complex of unfavorable ecological factors which appear as a result of Chernobyl-derived contamination of farm lands on the intensity of peroxide oxidation of lipids and glutathione chain of the antioxidant system of dairy cows, as well as on the changes in the redox-potential of blood. The territory that suffered from Chernobyl-derived radionuclide contamination is characterized by the unfavorable ecological situation which is connected with the increase in the radioactive load on animals, as well as  with  the decrease in the part of soluble (exchange) form of biogenic mineral elements of soils. The above conditions make it possible to initiate a complex of biochemical changes caused by water radiolysis, by the increase in the active forms of oxygen and by the protection of the body from the products of peroxidation which appear as a result of the effects of radiolysis products. The investigation is aimed at determining the redox-potential of venous blood and separate indices of the peroxide oxidation of lipids and the antioxidant system of blood in cows kept in the zone which was contaminated by the man-caused radio nuclides , as compared with cows kept in the zone with background values of radioactivity and ᶨ- irradiation emissive power. The investigation results make it possible to establish that in the blood of cows kept under ecologically unfavorable conditions one can observe the increase in the concentration of the products of lipid peroxide oxidation: hydroperoxide lipids and malone  dialdehyde. Under the above conditions one can establish the changes in the activity  of the glutathione chain of the antioxidant system: the decrease in the part of renewed glutathione and the authentic increase in the part of oxidized glutathione and the decrease in the activity of glutathione reductase as compared with  cows kept under ecologically favorable conditions. It has been established that under the effects of unfavorable ecological factors one can observe the increase in the positive redox-potential of blood which testifies to the disturbances between oxidized and renewed potentials.

The article presents the results of studies of changes in the shape of red blood cells during spontaneous babesiosis in dogs. It was found that in 2019, seasonal outbreaks are caused and characterized by the presence of two waves – spring-summer with a peak in June and autumn with a peak in October. The intensity of parasitemia increases synchronously with the extensity of infestation in the first half of the year(a narrow direct correlation), in the future it falls and does not correlate with outbreaks of animal disease. Clinically, the spring-summer wave of the disease is characterized by an acute-subacute typical course with pronounced classic clinical signs. The autumn wave had a predominantly subacute-atypical course, with the development of severe complications with signs of hepatopathy and acute renal insufficiency, cardiomyopathy and myocarditis, lesions of the nervous system, the development of shock with a significant tendency to decompensation. Changes in the shape of red blood cells are bright and indicative markers of the state of animals on babesiosis. Poikilocytosis was detected in 92.3 % of sick dogs. The most common changes are acanthocytosis and vacuolization of erythrocytes (irreversible forms), which qualitatively assess the degree of damage to vital organs. Echinocytes are reversible forms that appear in the early stages and determine the development of renal and hepatic pathologies. Stomatocytes accompany the development of inflammatory and dystrophic pathologies, qualitatively characterize the degree of hemolytic anemia. Their intensity is synchronous with the extent of the invasion. The appearance of schizocytes is a formidable symptom that is pathognomonic for disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome. This marker requires immediate use of intensive care. The assessment of qualitative changes in the form of red blood cells, the calculation of the intensity of erythrocyte lesions allows you to determine the severity of the condition of the body of sick dogs, the degree of metabolic disorders, hemolytic anemia, hepatopathy, the severity of intoxication, uremic syndrome, spleen hyperplasia, as well as identify the development of DIC syndrome, kidney failure and “shock kidney”. Such an assessment is necessary for making timely and adequate decisions regarding therapeutic measures for spontaneous babesiosis of dogs.

The aim of the present study was to examine the lipid profile, lipid fractions and the lipid peroxidation state in the blood of neutered cats with obesity and diabetes. Three groups of neutered cats (males and females) were formed for the study. We compared cats with obesity (7-9 points on a 9-point BCS scale), with obesity complicated by diabetes, and clinically healthy animals with normal body condition scores (4-5 BCS points). Lipidogram parameters, fractions of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), chylomicrons (CM), lipid peroxidation products (POL) - lipid hydroperoxides (GPL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were analysed. In obese cats, a decrease in HDL and phospholipids was observed, and an increase in LDL, VLDL, CM, triglycerides, and cholesterol. No significant differences in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism between neutered females and males were found. A tendency towards increasing concentrations of lipoproteins, triglycerides and cholesterol in males, as well as an increase in phospholipids in females was found. In cats with obesity and associated diabetes, the ratio of phospholipids: cholesterol was less than one, while in healthy cats - more than one. Obesity and diabetes initiate POL and increased concentrations of GPL and MDA, which were the highest in the blood of females with associated pathology.

Indicators of physical and chemical composition of raw milk determine the safety and quality of products of its processing (cheese, butter, sour milk drinks). Cow udder hygiene is a guarantee of animal health and one of the most important factors in obtaining high-quality milk. The purpose of the study was to analyze the quality of raw milk in farms in the western region of Ukraine, as well as to determine the impact of dipping procedures using Forticept® Udder Wash (predipping) and Forticept® Udder Forte (dipping) on the quality of milk. In the course of the study, the generally accepted methods of physicochemical and bacteriological research of milk were used. In dairy complexes, where modern hygienically sound milk production technology has been introduced, mastitis affected no more than 9.5% of the herd. At the same time, in other farms with an imperfect industrial scheme, breast pathologies covered 57–80% of the herd. Also, according to authors’ data, the subclinical form of mastitis caused a decrease in milk production to 30 liters per month from one cow. Furthermore, the disease significantly affected the chemical composition, physical and microbiological parameters of milk. In livestock affected by mastitis, the average fat content of milk decreased to 3.17±0.05 %, protein content – 2.93±0.12 %, casein – 2.53±0.17 %. In contrast, the number of somatic cells increased to 769.3±57.34 thousand/cm3. In the experiment, the therapeutic effect of the applied dipping with Forticept® solutions in the subclinical form of mastitis was 50%. The preventive effect almost reached a maximum – 96 %. In fact, the procedure of dipping hygiene of the udder, regardless of the classic or innovative formula of the chosen remedy, significantly reduced the number of cases of hyperkeratosis and prevented the emergence of new ones. The number of udder nipple with pathological changes during the month of dipping decreased by 25%. Intensive udder hygiene also led to an increase in milk fat content (from 13.7 to 17.8%), protein (from 7.3 to 11.9%, P≤0.05) and lactose (from 6.1, P≤0.05 to 2.5%). Moreover, there were a decrease the number of somatic cells to grade milk of high quality (129.76±30.88 thousand/cm3, P≤0.05). Therefore, treatment of the udder by dipping procedures using antiseptic solutions Forticept® prevents cows from mastitis and hyperkeratosis, improves the chemical and bacteriological parameters of milk. In the future, test studies of Forticept® drugs for the use of small cattle are planned.

Acute pancreatitis is a common non-communicable pathology in dogs, the untimely diagnosis and treatment of which is lethal (27-58% of cases). One of the most common medical tests for acute pancreatitis is to determine the concentration of triglycerides and other fractions of blood lipids. The purpose of the study was to investigate changes in lipid fractions and other biochemical parameters in dogs with acute pancreatitis. For the experiment, two groups of dogs of 10 individuals each were formed. The control group included healthy animals, the experimental group – dogs with acute pancreatitis. It was found that in dogs with acute pancreatitis, the concentration of triglycerides increased by 67% compared with healthy individuals. Cholesterol and phospholipid concentrations also increased by 23 and 9%, respectively. Inflammatory processes in the pancreas led to the development of cytolytic processes in its acini, as well as hepatocytes of the liver, as indicated by increased activity of indicator enzymes ALT, AST, LF and bilirubin. In addition, in sick dogs, the protein-synthesising function of the liver was impaired: a reduced proportion of albumin was registered against the background of increased total serum protein. Acute pancreatitis leads to a decrease in insulin synthesis, which is manifested by hyperglycaemia – in sick dogs, glucose levels are probably twice as high as in healthy animals. In pancreatitis, the violation of digestion and absorption of nutrients caused by intensive use of high-energy compounds (in particular, creatine phosphate) and an increase in creatinine (3.8 times). At the same time, the catabolism of proteins increased and the products of their intermediate and final metabolism – ammonia and urea – accumulated (by 60 and 57%, respectively), which is a sign of reduced filtration capacity of the kidneys. In addition, in acute pancreatitis within the physiological norm, the concentration of calcium decreased, and inorganic phosphorus – increased