Changes in the lipid profile of neutered cats’ blood in cases of obesity and diabetes

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to examine the lipid profile, lipid fractions and the lipid peroxidation state in the blood of neutered cats with obesity and diabetes. Three groups of neutered cats (males and females) were formed for the study. We compared cats with obesity (7-9 points on a 9-point BCS scale), with obesity complicated by diabetes, and clinically healthy animals with normal body condition scores (4-5 BCS points). Lipidogram parameters, fractions of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), chylomicrons (CM), lipid peroxidation products (POL) - lipid hydroperoxides (GPL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were analysed. In obese cats, a decrease in HDL and phospholipids was observed, and an increase in LDL, VLDL, CM, triglycerides, and cholesterol. No significant differences in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism between neutered females and males were found. A tendency towards increasing concentrations of lipoproteins, triglycerides and cholesterol in males, as well as an increase in phospholipids in females was found. In cats with obesity and associated diabetes, the ratio of phospholipids: cholesterol was less than one, while in healthy cats - more than one. Obesity and diabetes initiate POL and increased concentrations of GPL and MDA, which were the highest in the blood of females with associated pathology.

Dietary choline, but not L-carnitine, increases circulating lipid and lipoprotein concentrations, without affecting body composition, energy expenditure or respiratory quotient in lean and obese male cats during weight maintenance

“…Serum TAG concentrations were also similar to those previously reported in healthy adult cats ( 55 , 56 ). The present results align with previous reports of similarly higher circulating TAG, VLDL and lower HDL-C in obese cats, as compared to a lean control group ( 57 – 60 ). However, said authors also reported greater circulating NEFA, CHOL, and LDL-C concentrations in obese cats, which was not observed in the present study.…”

“…However, said authors also reported greater circulating NEFA, CHOL, and LDL-C concentrations in obese cats, which was not observed in the present study. As the mean age of the cats in the present study was lower than the mean age reported in these previous studies ( 57 , 60 ), it is unclear if age may have also had an impact. To our knowledge, the effect of age on serum lipid, biochemistry and/or metabolomic profiles in overweight or obese cats has not specifically been investigated.…”

Phospholipid Fatty Acid Profiles of Plasma and Erythrocyte Membranes in Dogs Fed with Commercial Granulated Food

“…At an adequate level of incorporation, EPA and DHA infl uence the membrane fl uidity as well as membrane protein-mediated reactions, generation of lipid-mediators, cell signaling, and gene expression in different cells [32]. Data on cats, together with the results of lipoprotein analysis, indicate possible disturbances in the hepatic transformation of LDL and VLDL, and a high risk of atherogenic events [33]. Dogs have the capacity to metabolize n-3 fatty acids and the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on the skin and coat, infl ammatory responses, and neurologic development in puppies are quite visible [34].…”