Стаття присвячена визначенню основних засад функціонування банківської системи України в умовах воєнного стану. Актуальність дослідження полягає в необхідності забезпечення стабільної роботи банківської системи, яка є стратегічно важливою для держави та громадян. Мета статті – визначити основні засади функціонування банківської системи в умовах війни як досвід, який може бути адаптованим іншими країнами, що стикаються із кризовими ситуаціями в економічному та політичному середовищі. Для досягнення поставленої мети визначено основні принципи функціонування банківської системи в умовах війни. За результатами аналізу поточного стану виокремлено проблеми, з якими зіткнулась банківська галузь, та запропоновано шляхи їх вирішення. В процесі дослідження застосовувались загальнонаукові методи, такі як аналіз, синтез, порівняння, індукція та дедукція. За результатами дослідження встановлено, що діяльність банківської системи в умовах війни повинна здійснюватися на принципах законності, економічної самостійності, незалежності, відповідальності за своїми зобов’язаннями, легальності банківських операцій, дотримання нормативів НБУ, забезпечення права вибору банківської установи фізичними особами, забезпечення виконання взятих на себе зобов’язань та збереження довіри громадян. Під час війни банківська галузь зіткнулась з багатьма проблемами: браком трудових ресурсів, загрозою кібератак, перевищенням лімітів касових залишків, арештом банківських рахунків, втратами за попередньо наданими кредитами. Для вирішення цих проблем необхідно забезпечити стабільне функціонування банківської системи під час війни, розвивати ризик-менеджмент, сприяти діджиталізації, популяризувати безготівкові рахунки, посилювати систему електронних платежів, заручитися міжнародною підтримкою. Практичне значення дослідження полягає в можливості застосовувати запропоновані відновлюючі заходи іншими країнами у кризових ситуаціях, які виникають в економічному та політичному середовищі.
The subject of the study is the theoretical and practical aspects of automating labor and salary accounting in agricultural enterprises. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the conceptual foundations of automating the accounting of labor and wages of employees of agricultural enterprises, to identify differences in its directions and to evaluate competitive advantages and results for the needs and improvement of management. The methodological basis of the article was dialectical, historical, monographic, system-structural analysis and synthesis; economic comparisons; special methods of accounting. Results of the article. It was determined that the automation of accounting for labor and wages of employees of agricultural enterprises provides them with significant competitive advantages of development and management efficiency due to simplification, acceleration, objectivity and high quality of accounting; significant cost savings for its implementation; availability for management and owners. At the same time, three conceptual approaches to automation with corresponding software products, spheres and tools of their influence, and expected results are substantiated. This is the automation of the accounting of typical calculations and payments with integration into the general information system of the enterprise; automation of the accountant's workplace; combined with a combination of the first two. Their comparison is made and advantages and disadvantages, perspectives of use are shown. Field of application of results. The obtained results can be used in the work of accounting offices of enterprises, in the scientific and educational process of agrarian universities. Conclusions. In order to increase the efficiency of managing the development of agricultural enterprises on the basis of the automation of labor accounting and employee salaries, it is important to implement the latest software products for its support. In particular, we may be talking about a more improved version of the program "1C: Salary and Personnel Management 8.3". This version is very productive for both accounting specialists and PH-management of enterprises, because it provides: definition, assessment, diagnosis, forecasting and planning of personnel needs; management of attestation, training and financial motivation of employees; effective planning of employment of employees from an overview on the seasonality of agricultural work; personnel record keeping and personnel analysis; maintaining staffing in agricultural enterprises. Another large set of advantages concerns the automation of calculations provided by the named advanced version of the program. We are talking about the automation of employee salary calculations; taxes regulated by legislation, withholdings from wages and accruals to the wage fund; accruals and deductions according to any algorithms; display of accrued wages and taxes as part of enterprise expenses. It is also management of cash settlements with employees, including depositing; formation of settlement sheets of any kind; formation of payment information with the arrangement of information according to various criteria by dividing it by categories of employees, types of work, divisions and other features; calculation of sick leaves, vacations, premiums, bonuses and incentives.
Introduction. The development of society and economy today is a functioning in terms of VUCA – instability, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity (volatility, uncertainty, complexity, ambiguity), in terms of increasing the amount of information and knowledge. A risk-oriented approach in management accounting provides its flexibility and forecasting of possible company losses. The purpose of the article. The aim is to study the development trends of management accounting in the context of integration of risk-oriented approach. Method (methodology). The article uses methods of analysis and synthesis to systematize the concept of risk-oriented management in the enterprise. To identify the main trends in the development of management accounting in terms of integration of risk-oriented approach, the method of qualitative analysis of statistical data on the use of software by enterprises for management purposes in Ukraine was used. Results. Management accounting and financial planning of Ukrainian enterprises is becoming more flexible through the integration of a risk-oriented approach. In general, the transformation of management accounting automatically occurs through the integration of technology and process automation: changing the structure of the organization, financial workers and accountants are more flexible in making decisions about planning costs, revenues, profits. Technologies and new management methods have solved the problem of overburdening financial staff with routine tasks and processes. Thus, automation has provided a transition from a limited, regulated, chaotic management accounting system to a flexible, hybrid one. Skills and competencies of accountants are expanded, roles are transferred from current to operational, tactical, strategic, advanced analysis is implemented in the accounting system.
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