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Objective Shortpulse fiber lasers have attracted great interest in numerous fields, including fiber communication, laser medical treatment, bioengineering, and material processing, owing to their compact structure, high efficiency, and robust stability. Physically, mode locking is an effective method to obtain ultrashort pulses, and it can be divided into active mode locking and passive mode locking. Passive mode locking based on saturable absorbers (SAs) has been widely studied.Among the SA materials, twodimensional (2D) materials, such as graphene, black phosphorus, and molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ), are promising candidates due to their distinctive nonlinear saturable absorption ability, ultrafast recovery rate, and low cost. Plenty of passively modelocked fiber lasers based on 2D materials have been developed to achieve

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