The flowers of Coreopsis lanceolata were extracted with 80% aqueous MeOH and the concentrates were partitioned into EtOAc, n-BuOH, and H 2 O fractions. The repeated silica gel (SiO 2) and octadecyl silica gel column chromatographies for the EtOAc fraction led to isolation of one flavonol and one benzoyl compounds. The chemical structures of the compounds were respectively determined as melanoxetin (1) and protocatechuic acid methyl ester (2) based on spectroscopic analyses including NMR, IR, and MS. These two compounds were isolated for the first time from C. lanceolata flowers in this study. All fractions and the isolated compounds were evaluated for 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical scavenging activities.

Sparassis crispa fruits were extracted in 80 % MeOH, and the concentrated extract was partitioned into EtOAc, n-butyl alcohol, and water fractions. The repeated octadecyl SiO 2 and silica gel (SiO 2 ) column chromatographies for the EtOAc and nbutyl alcohol fractions led to isolation of two ergosterol peroxides. There chemical structures were determined as (3β,5α,8α,22E)-5,8-Epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3-ol (ergosterol peroxide) (1) and 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ergosterol peroxide (2) based on spectroscopic data analyses including nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectrometry, and mass spectrometry (MS). Compounds 1 and 2 were for the first time isolated from S. crispa in this study.

The whole plants of Loranthus tanakae were repeatedly extracted with 80% aqueous MeOH and the concentrate was partitioned into ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butyl alcohol (n-BuOH) and H 2 O fractions. The repeated silica gel (SiO 2 ), octadecyl SiO 2

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The root of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer were extracted with 70% aqueous EtOH and the concentrates were partitioned into MeOH and H 2 O fractions using Diaion HP-20. The repeated SiO 2 or octadecyl SiO 2 column, and MPLC for the MeOH fraction led to isolation of four malonyl ginsenosides. The chemical structures of these compounds were determined as malonyl ginsenoside Rd (1) malonyl ginsenoside Rc (2) malonyl ginsenoside Rb2 (3) malonyl ginsenoside Rb1 (4) based on spectroscopic analyses including Nuclear magnetic resonance and HR-TOF/MS. The contents of malonyl ginsenoside Rb1 was highist as 5.44 mg/g of five years of ginseng. And malonyl ginsenoside Rd was lowest as 0.11 mg/g of six years of ginseng. Additionally, the malonyl ginsenoside Rd exhibited hepatoprotective effect against ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in HepG2 cell line.