“…GWUT can identify defects in structures underwater (i.e., offshore risers) [29,30], coatings [13,17,18,31,32,33,34,35] and concrete [36,37,38,39,40]. Implementing the GW ultrasonic technique allows reliable identification, defect classification, sizing of defects and reduction in the overall inspection cost [41,42,43,44,45,46,47].…”