$1.5 Billion Issued by Biden Administration to Boost Health Care Workforce Size, Diversity

Stephenson, Joan

doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2021.4785

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Protecting the health care sector has been a priority in the pandemic. 6 We documented changes in health care employment levels and wages during 2020 and 2021. We found substantial employment declines among SNFs, which were more severe in counties with high COVID-19 burden.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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US Health Care Workforce Changes During the First and Second Years of the COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2022

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Protecting the health care sector has been a priority in the pandemic . We documented changes in health care employment levels and wages during 2020 and 2021.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

US Health Care Workforce Changes During the First and Second Years of the COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2022

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“…Understanding whether turnover disproportionately affects different areas of the country, different types of workers, or different types of firms could provide important evidence on the types of policies that are most needed to support the health care workforce. 16 The present study seeks to fill this gap by examining the implications of the pandemic for turnover of the health care workforce using job flows data. While used more broadly in macroeconomic studies, 17,18 the administrative job flows data that we used have been underused in health care workforce research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, research using population survey data has found an increase in health care worker turnover after the pandemic, particularly among women with young children, but due to sample size constraints in that study, more precise estimates of the dynamics and geography of turnover are unknown. Understanding whether turnover disproportionately affects different areas of the country, different types of workers, or different types of firms could provide important evidence on the types of policies that are most needed to support the health care workforce …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Job Flows Into and Out of Health Care Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic

Shen,

Eddelbuettel,

Eisenberg

2024

JAMA Health Forum

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ImportanceAnecdotal evidence suggests that health care employers have faced increased difficulty recruiting and retaining staff in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Empirical research is needed to understand the magnitude and persistence of these changes, and whether they have disproportionate implications for certain types of workers or regions of the country.ObjectiveTo quantify the number of workers exiting from and entering into the health care workforce before and after the pandemic and to examine variations over time and across states and worker demographics.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study used US Census Bureau state unemployment insurance data on job-to-job flows in the continental US to construct state-level quarterly exit and entry rates for the health care industry from January 2018 through December 2021 (Arkansas, Mississippi, and Tennessee were omitted due to missing data). An event study design was used to compute quarterly mean adjusted rates of job exit from and entry into the health care sector as defined by the North American Industry Classification System. Data were examined from January to June 2023.ExposureThe COVID-19 pandemic.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcomes were the mean adjusted health care worker exit and entry rates in each quarter by state and by worker demographics (age, gender, race and ethnicity, and education level).ResultsIn quarter 1 of 2020, there were approximately 18.8 million people (14.6 million females [77.6%]) working in the health care sector in our sample. The exit rate for health care workers increased at the onset of the pandemic, from a baseline quarterly mean of 5.9 percentage points in 2018 to 8.0 (95% CI, 7.7-8.3) percentage points in quarter 1 of 2020. Exit rates remained higher than baseline levels through quarter 4 of 2021, when the health care exit rate was 7.7 (95% CI, 7.4-7.9) percentage points higher than the 2018 baseline. In quarter 1 of 2020, the increase in health care worker exit rates was dominated by an increase in workers exiting to nonemployment (78% increase compared with baseline); in contrast, by quarter 4 of 2021, the exit rate was dominated by workers exiting to employment in non–health care sectors (38% increase compared with baseline). Entry rates into health care also increased in the postpandemic period, from 6.2 percentage points at baseline to 7.7 percentage points (95% CI, 7.4-7.9 percentage points) in the last quarter of 2021, suggesting increased turnover of health care staff. Compared with prepandemic job flows, the share of workers exiting health care after the pandemic who were female was disproportionately larger, and the shares of workers entering health care who were female or Black was disproportionately smaller.Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this cohort study suggest a substantial and persistent increase in health care workforce turnover after the pandemic, which may have long-lasting implications for workers’ willingness to remain in health care jobs. Policymakers and health care organizations may need to act to prevent further losses of experienced staff.

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Projecting the Health Care Workforce Needed in the US

2022

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The COVID-19 pandemic continues to disrupt the nation's health care workforce. The Biden administration has responded by investing $1.5 billion from the American Rescue Act in programs and initiatives addressing deficits in the size, composition, and distribution of the current and future health care workforce, including a 27% increase in scholarship and loan repayment awards for primary care clinicians, dentists, nurses, and behavioral health professionals. 1 While a welcome boost to expand and diversify the health care workforce, this funding should also target improvements in workforce forecasting models. Rigorous workforce modeling will allow for better evidence-based workforce policy in the future and is a logical complement to the funds allocated to the new Center for Disease Forecasting and Outbreak Analytics. In addition, while prior workforce models have focused on physicians, we believe modeling should also encompass the other health care professions targeted for investment.

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$1.5 Billion Issued by Biden Administration to Boost Health Care Workforce Size, Diversity

Cited by 4 publications

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US Health Care Workforce Changes During the First and Second Years of the COVID-19 Pandemic

US Health Care Workforce Changes During the First and Second Years of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Job Flows Into and Out of Health Care Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic

Projecting the Health Care Workforce Needed in the US

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