11-ps resolution time interval counter in CMOS ASIC

Klepacki, K.; Szplet, R.

doi:10.1109/icses.2012.6382227

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…There are, however, other alternatives available to measure the time interval, e.g. some novel TIC designs (see, e.g., [21][22][23]) or high-speed real-time digital oscilloscopes, offering much lower uncertainty. Thus, it was assumed in table 1 that the uncertainty of determining τ UTC(k)→REF and τ REF→RET is 5 ps.…”

Section: Calibration Uncertaintymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissemination of time and RF frequency via a stabilized fibre optic link over a distance of 420 km

et al. 2013

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In this paper we present the results of our work concerning the long-distance fibre optic dissemination of time (1 PPS) and frequency (10 MHz) signals generated by atomic sources, such as caesium clocks, hydrogen masers or caesium fountains. For these purposes we developed dedicated hardware (a fibre optic system with active stabilization of the propagation delay and bidirectional fibre optic amplifiers) together with a procedure to enable calibration of the time transfer. Our laboratory measurements performed over fibre lengths of up to 480 km showed an Allan deviation of the order of 4 × 10 −17 , time deviation below 1 ps (both at one-day averaging) and the possibility of calibration with picosecond accuracy even for the longest from evaluated links. After successful laboratory evaluation the system was next installed on a 421.4 km long route between the Central Office of Measures (GUM) in Warsaw, Poland, and the Astrogeodynamic Observatory (AOS) in Borowiec near Poznań, Poland. Experiments comparing the UTC(PL) and UTC(AOS) atomic timescales using the fibre optic link and TTS-4 dual-frequency GNSS time transfer receivers showed that the consistency of the results is within the calibration accuracy of the GPS receivers and with much better noise performance. The field operation of the system proved its full functionality and confirmed our previous laboratory evaluation to the maximum extent possible using the methods for comparing distant clocks available at GUM and AOS.

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Section: Calibration Uncertaintymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissemination of time and RF frequency via a stabilized fibre optic link over a distance of 420 km

et al. 2013

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“…By partial overlapping the measurement ranges of coding lines in the SIS we get a significant improvement of both resolution and measurement precision, comparing to the basic TC without overlapped segments and with unused dummy cells. 35 In particular, the resolution of the TC has been improved from 11 ps to 7.5 ps and the precision is enhanced almost twofold, from 14 ps to 7.5 ps. Table I shows comparison of the most important parameters of the TC presented in this paper and some selected TCs described in other works.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…35 It was apparent that during warm-up of the counter and due to technological spread of dynamic parameters of delay cells the timing relations between the delay cells (especially in the SIS) are changing and do not perfectly match an ideal timing shown in Fig. 7(b).…”

Section: A Resolution and Nonlinearitymentioning

confidence: 93%

A 7.5 ps single-shot precision integrated time counter with segmented delay line

Klepacki

Szplet

Pełka

2014

Review of Scientific Instruments

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This paper describes the design and test results of time interval counter featuring the single-shot precision of 7.5 ps root mean square (rms) and measurement range of 1 ms. These parameters have been achieved by combining direct counting method with a two-stage interpolation within a single clock period. Both stages of interpolation are based on the use of tapped delay lines stabilized by delay locked loop mechanism. In the first stage, a coarse resolution is obtained with the aid of high frequency multiphase clock, while in the second stage a sub-gate delay resolution is achieved with the use of differential delay line. To reduce the nonlinearities of conversion and to improve the precision of measurement, a novel segmented delay line is proposed. An important feature of this segmented delay line is partial overlapping of measurement range and resulting enhancement of both resolution and precision of time interval counter. The maximum integral nonlinearity error of the fine-stage interpolators does not exceed 16 ps and 14 ps in START and STOP interpolators, respectively. These errors have been identified by statistical calibration procedure and corrected to achieve single-shot precision better than 7.5 ps (rms). The time counter is integrated in a single ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) chip using a standard cost-effective 0.35 μm CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) process.

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Double threshold ultrasonic distance measurement technique and its application

Chen

2014

Review of Scientific Instruments

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The double threshold method realized by hardware circuits and high performance timing chip TDC-GP21 was successfully adapted to solve the key problem of ultrasonic distance measurement, the accurate time-of-flight (TOF) measurement of ultrasonic wave. Compared with other techniques of TOF measurement, the double threshold method presented in this work can suppress noise in the received signal, and achieve a time resolution of around 22 ps and real-time. This method is easy to realize and pertains the advantage of low cost. To compensate temperature and pressure deviations, a temperature measurement module of 10 mK in precision as well as a pressure measurement module of 0.01% in accuracy was developed. The system designed in this work can be exactly used as a two paths ultrasonic gas flowmeter without any adjustment of the hardware circuit. The double threshold method was further corroborated using experiment results of both the ultrasonic distance measurement and ultrasonic gas flow measurement. In distance measurement, the maximum absolute deviation and the maximum relative error are 0.69 mm and 0.28%, respectively, for a target distance range of 100-600 mm. In flow measurement, the maximum absolute deviation and the worst repeatability are 1.16% and 0.65% for a flow in the range of 50-700 m(3)/h.

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11-ps resolution time interval counter in CMOS ASIC

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Dissemination of time and RF frequency via a stabilized fibre optic link over a distance of 420 km

Dissemination of time and RF frequency via a stabilized fibre optic link over a distance of 420 km

A 7.5 ps single-shot precision integrated time counter with segmented delay line

Double threshold ultrasonic distance measurement technique and its application

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