17 years of grassland management leads to parallel local and regional biodiversity shifts among a wide range of taxonomic groups

Noordwijk, C. G. E. van; Baeten, Lander; Turin, H.; Heijerman, Th.; Alders, K.; Boer, P. J. den.; Mabelis, A.A.; Aukema, B.; Noordam, A.P.; Remke, Eva; Siepel, H.; Berg, Matty P.; Bonte, Dries

doi:10.1007/s10531-016-1269-5

Cited by 31 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Remarkably, we were unable to detect trends in CPUEC or CPUES over the 43 years covered by the data set, suggesting that carabid populations have not declined in abundance or diversity in arable fields on broader geographical scale over this period. This result is in contrast to the monitoring programmes on local (Poszgai, Baird, Littlewood, Pakeman & Young 2016;van Noordwijk et al 2017) or national scales (Brooks et al 2012;Ewald et al 2015), which have found carabid populations to have declined over time, as well as with general perception that insect populations decline in terrestrial ecosystems (Eggleton 2020;van Klink et al 2020). Since the present data set originates from many local independent studies performed in different years, it is less sensitive to site-specific inter-annual fluctuations (Kotze et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Standardizing carabid pitfall catches for trapping effort; a meta-analysis

Saska

Makowski

Bohan

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) provide important ecological services and are frequently used as a bio-indicator in monitoring environmental quality. The abundance and diversity of carabids is usually determined using pitfall trapping, but trap catches are difficult to compare between studies due to variation in trapping effort. The standardization of the catch for trapping effort has not been previously addressed in a global analysis of studies in the literature.The aims of this study are (i) to define a method for estimating the effect of trapping effort on the size of the pitfall catch, and (ii) to explore factors related to study designs, sampling method, study origin, and level of data aggregation to determine how these factors affect the catch per unit effort in pitfall trapping.We conducted a meta-analysis on the activity-density and diversity of carabids across studies, based on published data from Europe and North-America to analyse whether standardization of catch measurements might be possible. Data were extracted from 104 publications, spanning a period of 42 years.The total catch was proportional to the number of trap days, and ranged from 0.19-9.53 beetles/(trap day) across studies (95% range), with a mean of 1.33 beetles/(trap day). The number of species was allometrically related to the trapping effort defined as the product of the number of traps, their perimeter and the time of exposure in the field, and characterized by a power exponent of 0.25. Species richness ranged across studies from 2.30-13.18 species/(m day)0.25 (95% range) with a mean of 7.15 species/(m day)0.25. The size of the catch and the number of species were higher in crops with narrow as compared to wide rows. There was no significant change in abundance or diversity of carabids in arable land over the 42 years covered. We also found that increasing trapping effort may not yield more accurate results.The results show that it is possible to standardize activity-density-based catches and species diversity for trapping effort across studies using a power transformation, allowing meta-analysis of such data, e.g. to elucidate factors affecting abundance and diversity of the focal taxa.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Standardizing carabid pitfall catches for trapping effort; a meta-analysis

Saska

Makowski

Bohan

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Analyses of faunal responses to ecological restoration are accumulating rapidly and increasingly include responses to created habitat (Andrews et al ; Goldspiel et al ), often utilizing a chronosequence approach (van Noordwijck et al ; Fernandes et al ), including the Nachusa Grasslands chronosequence (Wodika & Baer ; Griffin et al ; Barber et al 2017 a ). We present several lines of evidence to suggest that snakes have responded positively to created habitat at Nachusa Grasslands.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Animal responses to grassland restoration are often characterized using community metrics such as species richness, species diversity, and functional diversity. These metrics show varying patterns in relation to time since restoration (Wodika & Baer ; van Noordwijk et al ; Barber et al 2017 a ), sometimes paralleling plant community metrics (Sluis ; Hansen & Gibson ). Because snake species are few, we characterize snake responses to grassland restoration using probability of occupancy, a species‐level metric of occurrence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of grassland snakes to tallgrass prairie restoration

King

Vanek

2020

Restoration Ecology

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Understanding faunal responses to habitat restoration is important in assessing restoration success. We investigated occupancy and abundance of snakes at Nachusa Grasslands, a large-scale grassland restoration in the midwestern United States. Using artificial cover objects, we sampled within a chronosequence of 12 units converted from row-crop agriculture 2-25 years before the start of our study. Recaptures of marked snakes revealed that movement distances differed among species in accordance with differences in body size, being least in Dekay's Brownsnakes, intermediate in the Plains Gartersnakes and Common Gartersnakes, and greatest in Eastern Foxsnakes. Consistent with this result, occupancy increased with restoration age in Dekay's Brownsnakes but was unrelated to restoration age in the three larger, more mobile species. Similarly, abundance increased with restoration age in Dekay's Brownsnake but was unrelated to restoration age in other species. The Smooth Greensnake, another small-bodied snake with limited mobility, and an Illinois species of greatest conservation need, was not detected at Nachusa Grasslands. Given detection probabilities observed during a parallel study at a nearby large grassland-dominated preserve, we infer that the Smooth Greensnake is truly absent from Nachusa Grasslands. Taken together, our results demonstrate that establishment of faunal components following restoration may be time-dependent with more sedentary species colonizing only slowly (e.g. Dekay's Brownsnakes) or not at all (e.g. Smooth Greensnakes). These results emphasize the need to clearly identify faunal restoration goals and the means to achieve them. Implications for Practice• As higher order predators within grassland ecosystems, snakes provide a meaningful faunal component by which to measure restoration success.• Larger, more mobile snake species are able to occupy grassland restorations soon after conversion from rowcrop agriculture but occupancy by smaller, less mobile species may occur more slowly if at all.• Some grassland snakes may require active management to promote establishment following restoration.

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“…The few long‐term trapping studies of carabids have focused mostly on heathland and grassland species (e.g. Hallmann et al ., ; van Noordwijk et al ., ). On local and country level, long‐term studies on carabids demonstrate in general a declining trend of species numbers and biomass (Hallmann et al ., ; Kotze et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Where have all the beetles gone? Long‐term study reveals carabid species decline in a nature reserve in Northern Germany

Homburg

Drees

Boutaud

et al. 2019

Insect Conserv Diversity

107

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1. The drastic insect decline has received increasing attention in scientific as well as in public media. Long-term studies of insect diversity trends are still rare, even though such studies are highly important to assess extent, drivers and potential consequences of insect loss in ecosystems.2. To gain insights into carabid diversity trends of ancient and sustainably managed woodlands, we analysed data of carabid beetles from a trapping study that has been run for 24 years in an old nature reserve of Northern Germany, the L€ uneburg Heath. We examined temporal changes in several diversity measures (e.g. biomass, species richness, functional diversity and phylogenetic diversity) and tested diverse species traits as predictor variables for species occurrence.3. In contrast to recently published long-term studies of insect diversity, we did not observe a decline in biomass, but in species richness and phylogenetic diversity in carabids at our study site. Additionally, hibernation stage predicted the occurrence probability of carabids: Species hibernating as imagines or both imagines and larvae and breeding in spring showed strongest declines.4. We assume the detected trends to be the result of external effects such as climate change and the application of pesticides in the surrounding. Our results suggest that the drivers for the insect decline and the responses are multifaceted. This highlights the importance of long-term studies with identification of the catches to, at best, species level to support the understanding of mechanisms driving changes in insect diversity and abundance.

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17 years of grassland management leads to parallel local and regional biodiversity shifts among a wide range of taxonomic groups

Cited by 31 publications

References 65 publications

Standardizing carabid pitfall catches for trapping effort; a meta-analysis

Standardizing carabid pitfall catches for trapping effort; a meta-analysis

Responses of grassland snakes to tallgrass prairie restoration

Where have all the beetles gone? Long‐term study reveals carabid species decline in a nature reserve in Northern Germany

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