Of the 4000 or so terpenoid natural products known today, whose carbon skeleton can be divided up into isopentane units by the “isoprene rule” (C10, monoterpenes; C15, sesquiterpenes; C20, diterpenes; C25, sesterterpenes; C30, triterpenes; steroids; carotenoids; polyprenes), the sesquiterpenes, numbering about 1000, represent the largest single class. According to the well founded concepts developed in recent years for the biogenesis of their highly diverse carbon skeletons, the present report is divided into nine sections dealing respectively with farnesanes, bicyclofarnesols (drimanes, iresanes), bisabolanes, cadinanes, humulanes and caryophyllanes, germacranes, “hydroazulenes”, selinanes and eremophilanes, and maalianes and aristolanes. Further groups of sesquiterpenes can be derived from each of these structural types.