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Birch, G.F.; Siaka, I Made; Owens, Christopher L.

doi:10.1023/a:1005258123720

Cited by 54 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…This fraction is important because of the high mobility of metals from it to the aqueous phase [22]. Similar observations have been reported by other researchers [25] [26]. The percentage chemical forms of lead in the soil samples showed that the residual fraction had the highest amount (30% -53%) as shown in Figure 7.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Sequential Extraction and Mobility Factor of Metals in the Urban Soil of Warri-Nigeria (A Case Study of the Environment of Esisi Open Dump)

Ataikiru¹,

Okieimen²

2021

JEP

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Sequential fractionation of Cr, Zn, Pb and Mn in soil samples collected 5 m-104 m away from Esisi open dump was determined to evaluate the potential health danger posed by the metals. Spatial test soil samples were collected at various increasing distances (5 m-104 m) from the epicentre of the dump using a stainless steel auger. Tessier's sequential extraction protocols were employed. The concentrations of the metals in the various fractions were determined, the fractions are exchangeable fraction, carbonate fraction, Fe-Mn oxide fraction, organic fraction and residual fraction. The metals were found mostly concentrated in the Fe-Mn oxide fraction. This study has provided information on the mobility factors and chemical forms of Cr, Zn, Pb and Mn in the soil of the environment of Esisi open dump and the environmental risk of the metals in the environment of Esisi open dump.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Sequential Extraction and Mobility Factor of Metals in the Urban Soil of Warri-Nigeria (A Case Study of the Environment of Esisi Open Dump)

Ataikiru¹,

Okieimen²

2021

JEP

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“…Contaminants are not necessarily fixed permanently by the sediments, and under changing environmental conditions they may be released into the water column by various processes of remobilization [12]. The marked tendency for heavy metals towards solid and water phase partitioning and the ability of sediments to integrate longterm information makes the sediments attractive for assessing the impact of industry and urban development on the fluvial environment [13,14]. Sediment contamination is indeed a worldwide problem, especially in industrialized countries, even though the response to this problem varies in terms of jurisdictions [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and Microbiological Parameters in Fresh Water and Sediments to Evaluate the Pollution Risk in the Reno River Watershed (North Italy)

Ferronato¹,

Modesto²,

Stefanini³

et al. 2013

JWARP

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The European Water Framework (WFD) establishes a framework for the protection and the monitoring condition of all natural superficial waters of the member States. The Italian Legislative Decree n. 156/2006 implements the WFD establishing a monitoring system which foresees a detailed detection of several physical, chemical and microbiological parameters in order to assess the qualitative status of the water body. This study reports the freshwater quality in the Reno river basin (North Italy) from 2003 to 2011. The Reno superficial water was classified as "good" in the mountain stations and at the closed basin while in all the other stations of the Po plain the quality was from "mediocre" to "poor". The decrease of water quality was due to the flowing of artificial canals that collect discharges the wastewater of sewage treatment plants, drainage and run-off from the urban, industrial and agricultural lands. In spring-summer 2011, characterized by severe drought, a study on the distribution of pollutants and nutrients in water of the Reno river and its tributaries highlight the impact of highway (Via Emilia) that closes the mountain basin of water courses. Along this street cities and industrial and craft have developed, increasing discharges of pollutants and nutrients in rivers. An increase of metals and nutrients was found from upstream to downstream, furthermore the concentration of the microbiological faecal indicators were two to three times higher than those determined in the water upstream of urban/industrial settlements. The thresholds of Italian Law for Hg and Pb were exceeding in all most rivers. The sediments analysis was also performed because they can be considered a sink and/or source for pollutants. In many monitoring sites the metals concentrations was higher than the thresholds of Italia Low (data not shown), but the availability of these metals was tested with mixtures of different strength extracting (EDTA, DTPA and water). The coefficient of partition solid/water (Kd) was calculated to evaluate the metals affinity to be in the aqueous phase and it increase as following Cr > Mn > Ni > Pb > Zn > Cu > Cd.

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“…Nevertheless, the analysis of river bed sediment cores is becoming more important as a tool for the evaluation of the time evolution of the environmental quality of aquatic ecosystems (Bubb and Lester 1994;Murray 1995;Birch et al 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the degree of contamination and evolution in the last 100 years of the composition of the bed sediments of the Anllóns Basin

Rey¹,

Barral²,

Jouanneau

et al. 2010

Environ Earth Sci

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In this study, five cores of the Anllóns River bed sediments were analyzed in order to evaluate the downcore and downstream variations in their chemical composition. The first step was the evaluation of the metal distribution in the bulk (\2 mm) and fine fractions (\63 lm). The analysis revealed that most of the metals followed the same trend in both fractions, although the fine fraction presented usually higher concentrations. However, the concentration of both fractions tended to equalize with increasing contamination. No general increase was observed in the metal concentrations toward the surface which could be attributed to recent anthropogenic contributions. Instead, the distributions were homogeneous or peaked at various depths downcore. The most important historical feature was observed at the mouth of the river, at 96-cm depth, corresponding to the end of the eighteenth century. Upcore increased metal concentrations in parallel with increased fine fraction occurred from this depth, which were attributed to a bridge construction and consequent changes in sediment dynamics. As the metal concentrations can be influenced by variations in texture or other sediment characteristics, the second step was to evaluate the efficiency of several normalized indexes in the assessment of the degree of contamination, by calculating the enrichment factor (EF), the geoaccumulation index (I GEO ) and the pollution load index (PLI). The EFs obtained were \10, thus revealing little anthropogenic inputs to the basin. The I GEO produced higher values when compared with the EFs. Instead of absolute EF or I GEO absolute values, the use of cumulative probability plots allowed identifying more accurately potential outliers indicating contamination. Only one population was identified for Zn and Pb, with a reduced number of outliers at the highest concentrations for Pb. As shown, a more complex plot with the outliers identified at C4 and C5. Finally, the PLI allowed determining the absence of a significant contamination in the bed sediments. The bioavailable and non-geogenic fractions contribute up to a 90% of the total concentrations in the case of As and Cu, and showed similar (dissimilar) profiles in comparison with total metals. Also, the quality guidelines were surpassed, so the high solubility of As, Zn, Pb and Ni in the sediments revealed the need to monitor the bed sediment quality of the Anllóns River.

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Untitled

Cited by 54 publications

References 29 publications

Sequential Extraction and Mobility Factor of Metals in the Urban Soil of Warri-Nigeria (A Case Study of the Environment of Esisi Open Dump)

Sequential Extraction and Mobility Factor of Metals in the Urban Soil of Warri-Nigeria (A Case Study of the Environment of Esisi Open Dump)

Chemical and Microbiological Parameters in Fresh Water and Sediments to Evaluate the Pollution Risk in the Reno River Watershed (North Italy)

Analysis of the degree of contamination and evolution in the last 100 years of the composition of the bed sediments of the Anllóns Basin

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