3D deformation field in growing plant roots reveals both mechanical and biological responses to axial mechanical forces

Bizet, François; Bengough, A. Glyn; Hummel, Irène; Bogeat‐Triboulot, Marie‐Béatrice; Dupuy, Lionel

doi:10.1093/jxb/erw320

Cited by 35 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, the different penetration rates of roots (0.004-0.02 mm min 21 ) and the cone penetrometer (4 mm min 21 ) might further influence penetration forces and stresses . However, the penetration forces and stresses as calculated in this study are within the range of previously reported results for different plant species (Misra et al, 1986;Bengough and McKenzie, 1997;Iijima et al, 2003b;Azam et al, 2013;Bizet et al, 2016). .…”

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confidence: 88%

“…Furthermore, the lack of a root cap results in decreased root elongation rates in comparison with roots with an intact cap (Iijima et al, 2003b;Vollsnes et al, 2010). The forces and stresses that occur at a root tip during soil penetration can be measured directly in soil (Iijima et al, 2003b) or in free air and nutrient solutions (Misra et al, 1986;Bengough and Kirby, 1999;Azam et al, 2013;Bizet et al, 2016). As an alternative, cone penetrometer measurements combined with quantifications of root tip and cone geometry can be used to calculate root tip penetration forces and stresses (McKenzie et al, 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Root Tip Shape Governs Root Elongation Rate under Increased Soil Strength

et al. 2017

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confidence: 88%

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Root Tip Shape Governs Root Elongation Rate under Increased Soil Strength

et al. 2017

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“…The cycle of reduced axial elongation, thickening near the root tip, relief of the axial stress, further root elongation, is repeated every time the root tip experiences a zone of larger impedance and the root proceeds to grow with a thickened section. The root cap being suspected to sense obstacles [50,64], the release of pressure on the root cap could also limit the thigmomorphism response.…”

Section: C) Does Root Thickening Optimize Penetration?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9). In the experiment of Bizet et al [64], the obstacle was a force sensor made of a fine glass blade (Fig. 9B).…”

Section: A) Reorientation Of Root Growth Direction Through Lasting Comentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical root–soil interactions

2017

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Abstract. Plant root system development is highly modulated by the physical properties of the soil and especially by its mechanical resistance to penetration. The interplay between the mechanical stresses exerted by the soil and root growth is of particular interest for many communities, in agronomy and soil science as well as in biomechanics and plant morphogenesis. In contrast to aerial organs, roots apices must exert a growth pressure to penetrate strong soils and reorient their growth trajectory to cope with obstacles like stones or hardpans or to follow the tortuous paths of the soil porosity. In this review, we present the main macroscopic investigations of soil-root physical interactions in the field and combine them with simple mechanistic modeling derived from model experiments at the scale of the individual root apex.2

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Root architecture development in stony soils

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Vanderborght

Zörner

et al. 2021

Vadose Zone Journal

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Soils with high stone content represent a challenge to root development, as each stone is an obstacle to root growth. A high stone content also affects soil properties such as temperature or water content, which in turn affects root growth. We investigated the effects of all soil properties combined on root development in the field using both experiments and modeling. Field experiments were carried out in rhizotron facilities during two consecutive growing seasons (wheat [Triticum aestivum L.] and maize [Zea mays L.]) in silty loam soils with high (>50%) and low (<4%) stone contents. We extended the CPlantBox root architecture model to explicitly consider the presence of stones and simulated root growth on the plot scale over the whole vegetation period.We found that a linear increase of stone content resulted in a linear decrease of rooting depth across all stone contents and developmental stages considered, whereas rooting depth was only sensitive to cracks below a certain crack density and at earlier growth stages. Moreover, the impact of precipitation-influenced soil strength had a relatively stronger impact on simulated root arrival curves during the vegetation periods than soil temperature. Resulting differences between stony and non-stony soil of otherwise the same crop and weather conditions show similar trends as the differences observed in the rhizotron facilities. The combined belowground effects resulted in differences in characteristic root system measures of up to 48%. In future work, comparison of absolute values will require including shoot effects-in particular, different carbon availabilities.

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3D deformation field in growing plant roots reveals both mechanical and biological responses to axial mechanical forces

Abstract: HighlightMaximal axial pressures exerted by freely growing roots are restricted by root buckling but are increased when root lateral bracing is provided.

Cited by 35 publications

References 44 publications

Root Tip Shape Governs Root Elongation Rate under Increased Soil Strength

Root Tip Shape Governs Root Elongation Rate under Increased Soil Strength

Physical root–soil interactions

Root architecture development in stony soils

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