3D Electrodes for Bioelectronics (Adv. Mater. 47/2021)

Cho, Yo Han; Park, Young‐Geun; Kim, Sumin; Park, Jang Ung

doi:10.1002/adma.202170374

Cited by 24 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…It is noted that the ionic conductivity of the LiClO 4 -based ICEs is roughly 2 times higher than that of their LiTFSI-based counterparts, which leads to better dispersion of ions in the LiClO 4 -based ICEs. Moreover, the ionic conductivity of the as-prepared ICEs is lower than that of liquid-based ionic conductors such as ionogels by many orders of magnitude, ,,, mainly because of the lithium and hydrogen bonds formed between polymer chains and ions, which restrict both the motion of polymer chains and the transport of ions and thus limit conductivity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanism Underpinning Stable Mechanical Performance and Enhanced Conductivity of Air-Aged Ionic Conductive Elastomers

Yiming

Zhang

et al. 2022

Macromolecules

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Ionic conductive elastomers (ICEs), thanks to their liquid-free nature, have emerged as one of the most promising candidates for conductors in soft ionotronics. Notably, most ionotronic devices need to work in ambient environments where the presence of water molecules is ubiquitous. Thus far, the longterm impact of ambient water on the performances of ICEs remains virtually unexplored. Here, we show that air-aged ICEs absorb a very low amount of environmental water (∼0.3−0.6 wt % of the ICEs), which endows ICEs with stable mechanical performance and strongly boosted conductivity. We study the underlying molecular mechanism and clarify that the scission of lithium bonds between lithium ions and elastomer chains provoked by diffusing water molecules accounts for the observed changes in ICE properties. This work provides guidance for the practical mass application of ICE-based soft ionotronics in ambient environments.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanism Underpinning Stable Mechanical Performance and Enhanced Conductivity of Air-Aged Ionic Conductive Elastomers

Yiming

Zhang

et al. 2022

Macromolecules

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“…[ 223–230 ] In addition, disease treatment from stimulation of electricity or light, nerve regeneration or behavioral analysis can be undertaken. [ 231–234 ] Therefore, as a point of comparison with skin electronics, implantable bioelectronics can obtain much diverse and richer physiological information and even operate to treat diseases inside the body. However, as a degree of exposure to biofluids is very severe for implantable electronics, they require a much higher level of water and ion encapsulation barriers compared to those of skin electronics.…”

Section: Encapsulation For Implantable Bioelectronicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra‐Thin Flexible Encapsulating Materials for Soft Bio‐Integrated Electronics

2022

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Recently, bioelectronic devices extensively researched and developed through the convergence of flexible biocompatible materials and electronics design that enables more precise diagnostics and therapeutics in human health care and opens up the potential to expand into various fields, such as clinical medicine and biomedical research. To establish an accurate and stable bidirectional bio-interface, protection against the external environment and high mechanical deformation is essential for wearable bioelectronic devices. In the case of implantable bioelectronics, special encapsulation materials and optimized mechanical designs and configurations that provide electronic stability and functionality are required for accommodating various organ properties, lifespans, and functions in the biofluid environment. Here, this study introduces recent developments of ultra-thin encapsulations with novel materials that can preserve or even improve the electrical performance of wearable and implantable bio-integrated electronics by supporting safety and stability for protection from destruction and contamination as well as optimizing the use of bioelectronic systems in physiological environments. In addition, a summary of the materials, methods, and characteristics of the most widely used encapsulation technologies is introduced, thereby providing a strategic selection of appropriate choices of recently developed flexible bioelectronics.

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“…[ 6,7 ] Implantable sensors have been used for real‐time in vivo detection of biomarkers, useful for managing chronic diseases, improving personalized drug therapy, and treating neurological disorders. [ 8–11 ] For optimized practical performance, wearable and implantable sensors should be fabricated with materials that possess a combination of characteristics, including stretchability, conductivity, fatigue resistance, and biocompatibility. Hitherto, materials that have been investigated to prepare wearable and implantable sensors include metals, metal nanoparticles, conductive polymers, carbon materials, and hydrogels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Stretchable Hydrogels as Wearable and Implantable Sensors for Recording Physiological and Brain Neural Signals

et al. 2022

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Recording electrophysiological information such as brain neural signals is of great importance in health monitoring and disease diagnosis. However, foreign body response and performance loss over time are major challenges stemming from the chemomechanical mismatch between sensors and tissues. Herein, microgels are utilized as large crosslinking centers in hydrogel networks to modulate the tradeoff between modulus and fatigue resistance/stretchability for producing hydrogels that closely match chemomechanical properties of neural tissues. The hydrogels exhibit notably different characteristics compared to nanoparticles reinforced hydrogels. The hydrogels exhibit relatively low modulus, good stretchability, and outstanding fatigue resistance. It is demonstrated that the hydrogels are well suited for fashioning into wearable and implantable sensors that can obtain physiological pressure signals, record the local field potentials in rat brains, and transmit signals through the injured peripheral nerves of rats. The hydrogels exhibit good chemomechanical match to tissues, negligible foreign body response, and minimal signal attenuation over an extended time, and as such is successfully demonstrated for use as long-term implantable sensory devices. This work facilitates a deeper understanding of biohybrid interfaces, while also advancing the technical design concepts for implantable neural probes that efficiently obtain physiological information.

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3D Electrodes for Bioelectronics (Adv. Mater. 47/2021)

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Molecular Mechanism Underpinning Stable Mechanical Performance and Enhanced Conductivity of Air-Aged Ionic Conductive Elastomers

Molecular Mechanism Underpinning Stable Mechanical Performance and Enhanced Conductivity of Air-Aged Ionic Conductive Elastomers

Ultra‐Thin Flexible Encapsulating Materials for Soft Bio‐Integrated Electronics

Highly Stretchable Hydrogels as Wearable and Implantable Sensors for Recording Physiological and Brain Neural Signals

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