3D Printing for Tissue Engineering Applications

Abstract

The goal of tissue engineering is to create functional tissues and organs for regenerative therapies, and total organ transplantation. Bioprinting tissues are one of the most attractive approaches for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine fields. Fabrication of a complex structure via bioprinting requires layer-by-layer fabrication strategy. Bioprinting is mainly based on three processes; imaging and computer aided the design of the tissue that we wanted to print, the production of bio-ink with the selection of proper substances, the choice of a proper bioprinter depending on the product that we want, for fabrication of scaffold and/or tissues. In recent years the 3D bioprinting technology has been developed and several approaches appear by the researchers. The approaches are biomimicry, autonomous self-assembly and mini-tissue building blocks. In this study, current and future potential applications of 3D printing for the tissue engineering and regenerative medicine will be discussed.

Doku Mühendi̇sli̇ği̇nde 3 Boyutlu Bi̇yo-Baski İçi̇n Bi̇yofonksi̇yonel Mürekkepler

“…3B baskı teknolojisinde istenilen dokular üç ana fabrikasyon stratejisi ile üretilir. Bunlar inkjet biyoyazıcılar, mikroektrüzyon biyoyazıcılar ve lazer destekli biyoyazıcılardır [1]. 3 Boyutlu yazıcıların ana bileşenlerinden birisi biyofonksiyonel mürekkeplerdir.…”

“…3 boyutlu baskı tekniğinden genellikle biyomimikri, kendiliğinden kurulma (self assembly) veya küçük doku blokları oluşturma yöntemleri kullanılır. Yapılan son çalışmalarda da bu yöntemler geliştirilerek doku ve organ işlevine uygun biyolojik ve mekanik özelliklere sahip 3 Boyutlu, işlevsel, canlı insan doku ve organlarını üretmek için kullanılıyor [1].…”

“…Ayrıca bu metodda nozül bulunmadığı için diğer tekniklerde karşılaşılan sorunlardan biri olan nozül tıkanması olmaz. Bu metodun dezavantajları ise oldukça pahalı olması ve yüksek çözünürlük için jelleşme hızının yüksek olmasının gerekmesidir [1], [3].…”

Bioinks for Bioprinting Tissues and Organs

“…Moreover, principles such as post-pressure treatments, self-assembly and self-regulation can be considered as solutions to produce complex organs. When these problems are solved, biological pressure will be one of the most important inventions in the world (Hacıoglu, Yılmazer & Ustundag, 2018). Controlled and stimuliresponsive release of growth factors and immunomodulators will enable the ability to control the bioactivity of bioinks.…”

Effect of electric stimulus on human adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells cultured in 3D‐printed scaffolds

“…3D printing is a rising manufacturing technology in the regenerative medicine field 5,6 . This technology allows easily controlling the shape and structure of the scaffold and fabricating scaffolds using cells 5 .…”