2017
DOI: 10.26655/ijabbr.2017.1.6
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Abstract: The level of dental and oral hygiene on elementary school age children is very low, so it can be increasing the incidence of dental and oral diseases which caused by various microorganisms. Mouthwash can keeping dental and oral hygiene, but many commercial mouthwash is still used alcohol as their ingredients, which can be giving side effects, therefore, we still needed used alternative mouthwash, which made from nano chitosan and nano calcium, derived from nature Xylotrupes Gideon. Methods: This is a experimen… Show more

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Cited by 2 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…Normal flora in the oral cavity is nonpathogenic and has a stable relationship with the host. However, in certain circumstances, such as when the immune system is compromised, normal flora can be transformed into a pathogen [16]. The oral cavity is not a homogeneous environment due to the differences between the mucosal and tooth surfaces, as well as the warm temperature, moisture, and rich nutrient environment that can promote the growth of microorganisms, leading to infection [17] and the development of more complex health conditions if not managed properly [18].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Normal flora in the oral cavity is nonpathogenic and has a stable relationship with the host. However, in certain circumstances, such as when the immune system is compromised, normal flora can be transformed into a pathogen [16]. The oral cavity is not a homogeneous environment due to the differences between the mucosal and tooth surfaces, as well as the warm temperature, moisture, and rich nutrient environment that can promote the growth of microorganisms, leading to infection [17] and the development of more complex health conditions if not managed properly [18].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, in certain circumstances, such as when the immune system is compromised, normal flora can be transformed into a pathogen [16]. The oral cavity is not a homogeneous environment due to the differences between the mucosal and tooth surfaces, as well as the warm temperature, moisture, and rich nutrient environment that can promote the growth of microorganisms, leading to infection [17] and the development of more complex health conditions if not managed properly [18]. Different anatomical surfaces, physical and chemical factors in the oral cavity favor the growth of more than 300 Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial species (Figure 1 The microorganisms may initiate an inflammatory release of cytokines that will enhance accumulation of neutrophils to the implant lesion [17].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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